The behavior of the meniscus region is crucial to the surface quality of continuous cast steel. A two-dimensional model was developed to study the evolution of the meniscus region during the initial casting stage of continuous casting process. The flow of multiphase fluids, transient heat transfer, melting and re-solidification of slag, and the solidification process of the steel shell were also considered in the model. The calculated results show a good agreement with experimental data of previous literature, which demonstrates the reliability of the model in predicting the behavior of the meniscus region. After the start of withdrawal, liquid slag infiltrates into the gaps, forming a slag layer structure composed of liquid slag films and solid slag films between the shell and the mold. As the distribution of each phase approaches stability, the initial shape of the meniscus was established. During the initial casting stage, as the casting speed increases, the curvature of the meniscus increases, accompanied by an elevated level of heat transfer within the meniscus region. Furthermore, from the perspective of the associated heat transfer and fluid flow variations during the increase in casting speed, the reasons for the decrease of the depth of the oscillation mark and the slag consumption are explained. This study provides new insights into the continuous and complex flow and heat transfer behavior within the meniscus region during the initial casting stage of continuous casting process.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

---

连铸初铸阶段弯液面行为和炉渣消耗的建模

弯液面区域的行为对于连铸钢的表面质量至关重要。开发了一个二维模型来研究连铸过程初始铸造阶段弯月面区域的演变。模型还考虑了多相流体的流动、瞬态传热、炉渣的熔化和再凝固以及钢壳的凝固过程。计算结果与先前文献的实验数据吻合良好，证明了该模型在预测弯月面区域行为方面的可靠性。开始脱模后，液态渣渗入间隙，在型壳与结晶器之间形成液态渣膜和固态渣膜组成的渣层结构。当各相的分布接近稳定时，弯液面的初始形状就建立了。在初始铸造阶段，随着铸造速度的增加，弯月面的曲率增加，同时弯月面区域内的传热水平升高。此外，从拉速增加过程中相关的传热和流体流动变化的角度，解释了振痕深度和渣消耗减小的原因。这项研究为连铸工艺初始铸造阶段弯液面区域内连续且复杂的流动和传热行为提供了新的见解。

图形概要