Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the global health concerns afflicting the human population and urolithiasis (kidney stone), especially the calcium oxalate stone is the most prominent amongst the stone formers with a huge recurrence rate. This study elucidates the ameliorative potential of the tunic of onions against Wistar kidney rats toxified with sodium oxalate. Ethylacetate extract of the tunic of onions otherwise regarded as Onions peel extract (OPE) in this study was prepared to get the flavonol-rich extracts. Adult male Wistar rats received 70 mg/kg body weight sodium oxalate with or without co-treatment with OPE, quercetin or cystone. Biochemical analyses were carried out on the plasma and urine, followed by a histopathological assessment of the kidney. Intoxication with sodium oxalate brought about electrolyte imbalance, nephrotic syndrome (high concentrations of total protein and albumin in the urine and low concentrations in the plasma) reduced renal function (low renal clearance of creatinine and urea) and damage to the kidney as well as fluid accumulation. Treatment with flavonol extract from onion tunic mitigated these deleterious changes as a result of sodium oxalate intoxication. The finding suggests that onion peel has the potential to prevent damage arising from oxalate toxicity in the kidney.

中文翻译：

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洋葱外衣提取物对草酸钠所致急性肾损伤的影响

急性肾损伤（AKI）是困扰人类的全球健康问题之一，尿石症（肾结石）尤其是草酸钙结石是结石形成者中最突出的，复发率很高。这项研究阐明了洋葱外衣对草酸钠中毒的 Wistar 肾大鼠的改善潜力。洋葱外衣的乙酸乙酯提取物在本研究中被称为洋葱皮提取物（OPE），以获得富含黄酮醇的提取物。成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠接受 70 mg/kg 体重的草酸钠，联合或不联合 OPE、槲皮素或 Cystone。对血浆和尿液进行生化分析，然后对肾脏进行组织病理学评估。草酸钠中毒会导致电解质失衡、肾病综合征（尿液中总蛋白和白蛋白浓度高，血浆中浓度低）、肾功能下降（肾肌酐和尿素清除率低）以及肾脏和体液损害积累。用洋葱外衣中的黄酮醇提取物进行治疗可以减轻草酸钠中毒导致的这些有害变化。研究结果表明，洋葱皮有可能预防草酸盐毒性对肾脏造成的损害。