Rotational temperatures in the Mesosphere-Lower Thermosphere region are estimated by utilizing the OH(6,2) Meinel band nightglow data obtained with an Ebert-Fastie spectrometer (EFS) operated at Arecibo Observatory (AO), Puerto Rico (18.35°N, 66.75°W) during February-April 2005. To validate the estimated rotational temperatures, a comparison with temperatures obtained from a co-located Potassium Temperature Lidar (K-Lidar) and overhead passes of the Sounding of the Atmosphere by Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument onboard NASA's Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite is performed. Two types of weighting functions are applied to the K-Lidar temperature profiles to compare them with EFS temperatures. The first type has a fixed peak altitude and a fixed full width at half maximum (FWHM) for the whole night. In the second type, the peak altitude and FWHM vary with the local time. SABER measurements are utilized to estimate the OH(6,2) band peak altitudes and FWHMs as a function of local time and considerable temporal variations are observed in both the parameters. The average temperature differences between the EFS and K-Lidar obtained with both types of weighting functions are comparable with previously published results from different latitude-longitude sectors. We found that the temperature comparison improves when the time-varying weighting functions are considered. Comparison between EFS, K-Lidar, and SABER temperatures reveal that on average, SABER temperatures are lower than the other two instruments and K-Lidar temperatures compare better with SABER in comparison to EFS. Such a detailed study using the AO EFS data has not been carried out previously.

中文翻译：

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从阿雷西博天文台 Ebert-Fastie 光谱仪检索旋转温度及其与同位 K-激光雷达和 SABRE 测量的相互比较

中层-下层热层区域的旋转温度是利用波多黎各阿雷西博天文台 (AO) 运行的 Ebert-Fastie 光谱仪 (EFS) 获得的 OH(6,2) Meinel 波段夜光数据估算的（北纬 18.35°，66.75°） °W），2005 年 2 月至 4 月期间。为了验证估计的旋转温度，与同一地点的钾温激光雷达 (K-Lidar) 和通过宽带发射辐射测量 (SABRE) 大气探测的高空飞行获得的温度进行了比较美国宇航局热层、电离层、中间层能量学和动力学 (TIMED) 卫星上的仪器进行了测量。将两种类型的加权函数应用于 K-Lidar 温度曲线，以将其与 EFS 温度进行比较。第一种类型具有固定的峰值高度和整夜的固定半高全宽 (FWHM)。在第二种类型中，峰值海拔和半高宽随当地时间而变化。SABER 测量用于估计 OH(6,2) 频带峰值高度和 FWHM 作为本地时间的函数，并且在这两个参数中观察到相当大的时间变化。使用两种类型的加权函数获得的 EFS 和 K-Lidar 之间的平均温度差异与之前发布的不同经纬度扇区的结果相当。我们发现，当考虑时变加权函数时，温度比较会有所改善。EFS、K-Lidar 和 SABRE 温度之间的比较表明，平均而言，SABRE 温度低于其他两种仪器，并且与 EFS 相比，K-Lidar 温度与 SABRE 的比较更好。以前从未使用 AO EFS 数据进行过如此详细的研究。