Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure–property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.

中文翻译：

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手性诱导自旋选择性

自 1999 年首次对手性诱导自旋选择性 (CISS) 效应进行里程碑式的研究以来，人们进行了大量的实验和理论工作来了解这一有趣现象的物理基础和机制特征。正如最初表述的那样，CISS 效应是指手性材料作为电子传输的自旋过滤器的固有能力；然而，最近的实验表明，手性分子的电荷极化产生的位移电流会导致自旋极化，而不需要净电荷流。通过识别分子和材料中的手性对称性与电子自旋之间的基本联系，CISS 有望对现有技术和回答古老问题（例如生命的同手性本质）的新方法产生深远而普遍的影响。本综述首先讨论测量 CISS 的不同方法，然后对已知表现出 CISS 现象的分子和材料进行全面概述，然后继续确定结构-性能关系并描述 CISS 效应的主要理论模型。接下来，它确定了 CISS 对物理、化学和生物学的一些影响。讨论最后对 CISS 领域进行了批判性评估，并对其未来前景进行了一些评论。