Geodiversity is an essential part of nature's diversity. However, geodiversity is insufficiently understood in terms of its spatial distribution and its relationship to biodiversity over large spatial extents. Here, we present European geodiversity data at resolutions of 1 km and 10 km. We assess terrestrial geodiversity quantitatively as a richness variable (georichness) using a commonly employed grid-based approach. The data incorporate aspects of geological, pedological, geomorphological and hydrological diversity, which are also available as separate richness variables. To evaluate the data, we correlated European georichness with empirically tested national georichness data from Finland, revealing a positive correlation at both 1 km ( r p = 0.37, p < 0.001) and 10 km ( r p = 0.59, p < 0.001) resolutions. We also demonstrate potential uses of the European data by correlating georichness with vascular plant species richness in two contrasting example areas: Finland and Switzerland. The positive correlations between georichness and species richness in Finland ( r p = 0.34, p < 0.001) and Switzerland ( r p = 0.26, p < 0.001) further support the use of our data in geodiversity–biodiversity research. Moreover, there is great potential beyond geodiversity–biodiversity questions, as the data can be exploited across different regions, ecosystems and scales. These geodiversity data provide an insight on abiotic diversity in Europe and establish a quantitative large-scale geodiversity assessment method applicable worldwide. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Geodiversity for science and society’.

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欧洲地理多样性数据

地理多样性是自然多样性的重要组成部分。然而，人们对地理多样性的空间分布及其与大空间范围内生物多样性的关系了解不够。在这里，我们提供分辨率为 1 公里和 10 公里的欧洲地球多样性数据。我们使用常用的基于网格的方法将陆地地球多样性作为丰富度变量（georichness）进行定量评估。这些数据包含地质、土壤、地貌和水文多样性等方面，这些也可以作为单独的丰富度变量提供。为了评估数据，我们将欧洲地质丰富度与经过实证检验的芬兰国家地质丰富度数据相关联，结果显示两者在 1 公里处呈正相关（rp = 0.37,p< 0.001) 和 10 公里 (rp = 0.59,p< 0.001) 分辨率。我们还通过将芬兰和瑞士这两个对比示例地区的地理丰富度与维管植物物种丰富度相关联，展示了欧洲数据的潜在用途。芬兰的地理丰富度和物种丰富度之间存在正相关关系（rp = 0.34,p< 0.001) 和瑞士 (rp = 0.26,p< 0.001）进一步支持我们的数据在地理多样性-生物多样性研究中的使用。此外，除了地理多样性和生物多样性问题之外，还有巨大的潜力，因为这些数据可以在不同的区域、生态系统和规模上得到利用。这些地理多样性数据提供了对欧洲非生物多样性的深入了解，并建立了适用于全球的定量大规模地理多样性评估方法。本文是西奥·墨菲会议问题“科学与社会的地理多样性”的一部分。