Cu-doped TiO₂ film electrodes are synthesized via sol–gel technique and physically characterized. The Cu-doped TiO₂ film electrodes is sensitized by tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin and applied as a photoanode of a photoelectrochemical biofuel cell (PEBFC). The Cu/TiO₂-based PEBFCs show a short-circuit current (I_sc) of 75.9 μA, an open-circuit potential (V_oc) of 912 mV, a maximum power density (P_max) of 66.43 μW/cm² and an overall energy conversion efficiency (η) of 2.16%, respectively. The PEBFCs indicate improved photoelectric performances comparing the TiO₂-based PEBFC (I_sc: 72.5 μA, V_oc: 740 mV, P_max: 35.34 μW/cm², η: 1.52%). The Cu/TiO₂-based PEBFCs also indicate a higher incident photon-to-collected electron conversion efficiency (IPCE), which is probably due that the doped copper reduces the band gap of a wide-gap TiO₂ semiconductor as shown by ab initio band calculation. And the Cu/TiO₂-based PEBFC can provide long electron lifetime and decrease electron–hole pair recombination rate, which is responsible for the better performance in the Cu/TiO₂-based PEBFC than in the TiO₂-based PEBFC.

通过溶胶-凝胶技术合成Cu掺杂TiO ₂薄膜电极并进行物理表征。 Cu掺杂的TiO ₂薄膜电极被四(4-羧基苯基)卟啉敏化并用作光电化学生物燃料电池(PEBFC)的光电阳极。 Cu/TiO ₂基PEBFC的短路电流（I _sc）为75.9 μA，开路电位（V _oc）为912 mV，最大功率密度（P _max）为66.43 μW/cm ²，总能量转换效率（η）分别为2.16%。与基于TiO ₂的PEBFC相比，PEBFC显示出改进的光电性能（I _sc：72.5 μA，V _oc：740 mV，P _max：35.34 μW/cm ²，η：1.52%）。 Cu/TiO ₂基PEBFC还表现出更高的入射光子到收集电子的转换效率（IPCE），这可能是由于掺杂的铜降低了宽带隙TiO ₂半导体的带隙，如从头算起所示。频带计算。 Cu/TiO ₂基PEBFC可以提供长的电子寿命并降低电子-空穴对复合率，这使得Cu/TiO ₂基PEBFC比TiO ₂基PEBFC具有更好的性能。