Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease of the mouth. It is characterised by the appearance of painful ulcers in the oral mucosa. RAS is believed to be a multifactorial disease with genetic predisposition, environmental factors and alterations in the immune system. Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between free radicals and the antioxidant system, also appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of RAS. Several risk factors, such as smoking, iron and vitamin deficiency and anxiety, may contribute to the development of the disease. Understanding the underlying mechanisms may help in the prevention and treatment of RAS. We searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases for articles on oxidative stress in patients with RAS from 2000 to 2023. Studies analysing oxidant and antioxidant levels in the blood and saliva of RAS patients and healthy controls were selected. Of 170 potentially eligible articles, 24 met the inclusion criteria: 11 studies on blood samples, 6 on salivary samples and 7 on both blood and salivary samples. Multiple oxidative and antioxidant markers were assessed in blood and saliva samples. Overall, statistically significant differences were found between RAS patients and healthy controls for most markers. In addition, increased oxidative DNA damage was observed in patients with RAS. Patients with RAS show elevated levels of oxidative stress compared to healthy controls, with a significant increase in oxidative markers and a significant decrease in antioxidant defences in saliva and blood samples.

复发性阿弗他口炎（RAS）是一种慢性、复发性口腔炎症性疾病。其特征是口腔粘膜出现疼痛性溃疡。 RAS被认为是一种多因素疾病，具有遗传倾向、环境因素和免疫系统改变。由自由基和抗氧化系统之间不平衡引起的氧化应激似乎也参与了 RAS 的发病机制。吸烟、铁和维生素缺乏以及焦虑等多种危险因素可能会导致该疾病的发生。了解其潜在机制可能有助于预防和治疗 RAS。我们检索了 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库，查找 2000 年至 2023 年 RAS 患者氧化应激的文章。选择了分析 RAS 患者和健康对照血液和唾液中氧化剂和抗氧化剂水平的研究。在 170 篇可能符合资格的文章中，24 篇符合纳入标准：11 篇研究针对血液样本，6 篇针对唾液样本，7 篇针对血液样本和唾液样本。在血液和唾液样本中评估了多种氧化和抗氧化标记物。总体而言，大多数标记物在 RAS 患者和健康对照之间存在统计学显着差异。此外，在 RAS 患者中观察到氧化 DNA 损伤增加。与健康对照相比，RAS 患者的氧化应激水平升高，唾液和血液样本中的氧化标记物显着增加，而抗氧化防御显着降低。