Abstract

The article is devoted to remote studies of the size distribution of thermokarst lakes in the eastern part of the Russian Arctic. The studies are carried out in the Arctic territories of the Northeastern tundra (NET) (Yakutia) and the Chukotka tundra (CT), which are relatively homogeneous areas in terms of their natural properties (referred to here as ecoregions). Remote studies of the distribution of thermokarst lakes by area are conducted using satellite images from Kanopus-V and Sentinel-2 (with spatial resolutions of 2.1 and 20 m, respectively), obtained in the summer months of 2017–2021. The lakes are interpreted using a Sentinel-2 satellite image mosaic, which provides full coverage of the study territories; Kanopus-V images at 12 test sites; and QGIS 3.22 tools. We briefly describe the method of integration (combination) of data from Kanopus-V and Sentinel-2 images for plotting synthesized histograms of lakes distribution by their sizes. This technique allows us to get histograms of lake distribution in a very wide range of their sizes from 50 to 10⁸ m² in the studied Arctic ecoregions. The histogram plots show a similar behavior in both ecoregions, manifesting itself in an increase in the number of lakes as their size decreases. It is shown that the main contribution to the number of lakes in the NET is made by much larger lakes than in the CT, which may indicate a significant difference in the geocryological conditions in different Arctic territories of the eastern part of the Russian Arctic. The degree of the lake cover of the territories is assessed. It is shown that the lake cover of the NET is 7 times higher than in the studied territories of Chukotka.

中文翻译：

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基于Sentinel-2和Kanopus-V影像结合的俄罗斯北极东部热岩溶湖尺寸分布研究

摘要

这篇文章致力于对俄罗斯北极东部热喀斯特湖的大小分布进行远程研究。这些研究是在东北苔原（NET）（雅库特）和楚科奇苔原（CT）的北极地区进行的，这些地区的自然属性相对均匀（此处称为生态区）。使用 Kanopus-V 和 Sentinel-2（空间分辨率分别为 2.1 和 20 m）在 2017 年至 2021 年夏季获得的卫星图像对热喀斯特湖泊的区域分布进行了远程研究。这些湖泊是使用 Sentinel-2 卫星图像马赛克进行解释的，该图像提供了研究区域的完整覆盖； Kanopus-V 在 12 个测试地点的图像；和 QGIS 3.22 工具。我们简要描述了对来自 Kanopus-V 和 Sentinel-2 图像的数据进行整合（组合）的方法，以绘制按湖泊大小分布的合成直方图。这项技术使我们能够获得所研究的北极生态区中大小从 50 到 10 ⁸ m ²的各种湖泊分布的直方图。直方图显示了两个生态区的类似行为，表现为湖泊数量随着湖泊面积的减小而增加。结果表明，NET中湖泊数量的主要贡献者是比CT中大得多的湖泊，这可能表明俄罗斯北极东部不同北极地区的地质冰冻条件存在显着差异。评估地区湖泊覆盖的程度。结果表明，NET 的湖泊覆盖面积是所研究的楚科奇地区的 7 倍。