Knowledge of outcomes beyond the primary hospitalisation for infants born very preterm is vital to understanding the impact of interventions in the perinatal and newborn periods, particularly as more infants born <24 weeks’ gestation are being offered active care. van Blankenstein et al 1 report the outcomes at 2 years of age of children born <30 weeks in England and Wales between 2008 and 2018. In their study, 0.4% were blind, 1% had a substantial hearing impairment, and delays in language (13%) development (9%) and motor performance (8%) were frequent, based on responses from parent-completed questionnaires. The study raises the question of how their long-term outcome data compare with what is known for recent whole populations of births <30 weeks’ gestation outside of England and Wales. Many countries outside the UK collect data on developmental outcomes into early childhood (2–3 years of age) that might be compared with the study of van Blankenstein et al . The gestational age or birth weight selection criteria vary between countries, as do the years of reporting of the data and the sample sizes of the cohorts (table 1). The attempted coverage of all survivors of the defined gestational age or birth weight within the region is 100% or close to it for some cohorts, whereas other databases encompass only approximately two-thirds or fewer of births within the geographical region. Of the eligible survivors, the follow-up rates into early childhood vary from 47% to 93%. Most, but not all, have used corrected age when the children have been assessed. The follow-up assessments predominantly involve direct assessments of neurosensory outcomes and of psychological development by health professionals. Other studies have relied on questionnaires completed …

中文翻译：

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英国以外国家早产儿的早期神经发育结果

了解早产儿初次住院后的结局对于了解围产期和新生儿期干预措施的影响至关重要，特别是在为更多妊娠 <24 周出生的婴儿提供积极护理的情况下。van Blankenstein 等人 1 报告了 2008 年至 2018 年间英格兰和威尔士出生 <30 周的儿童 2 岁时的结果。在他们的研究中，0.4% 的儿童失明，1% 的儿童有严重的听力障碍和语言发育迟缓（根据家长填写的调查问卷的答复，13%）发育（9%）和运动表现（8%）很频繁。该研究提出了一个问题，即他们的长期结果数据与英格兰和威尔士以外地区最近妊娠<30周的出生人口的已知数据相比如何。英国以外的许多国家收集了有关幼儿期（2-3 岁）发育结果的数据，这些数据可以与 van Blankenstein 等人的研究进行比较。各国之间的孕龄或出生体重选择标准各不相同，数据报告年份和队列样本量也各不相同（表 1）。尝试覆盖该地区内规定胎龄或出生体重的所有幸存者，对于某些群体来说，覆盖率达到 100% 或接近 100%，而其他数据库仅涵盖该地理区域内约三分之二或更少的出生人口。在符合条件的幸存者中，幼儿期的随访率从 47% 到 93% 不等。大多数（但不是全部）在对儿童进行评估时使用了校正年龄。后续评估主要涉及卫生专业人员对神经感觉结果和心理发展的直接评估。其他研究依赖于完成的问卷调查……