The structure and properties of surface layers of billets from steel 12Kh18N9T formed by vacuum electron beam surfacing of powder mixtures are studied. The main alloying component is molybdenum in an amount of 40 wt.%. The structural and phase studies are made using optical and electron microscopes and an x-ray diffractometer. The microhardness and the wear resistance of the deposited layers are determined. The structure of the hardened surface layer is shown to contain phases Mo_0.08Fe_0.92, Mo_0.9Fe_0.1, Mo_0.1Fe_0.9, α-Fe and γ-Fe. The alloying with molybdenum raises the wear resistance of the steel by a factor of 1.8 and the heat resistance by a factor of 6.7.

研究了粉末混合物真空电子束堆焊12Kh18N9T钢坯表面层的组织和性能。主要合金成分是钼，含量为40重量％。使用光学和电子显微镜以及 X 射线衍射仪进行结构和相研究。测定沉积层的显微硬度和耐磨性。硬化表面层的结构显示为包含相Mo _0.08 Fe _0.92、Mo _0.9 Fe _0.1、Mo _0.1 Fe _0.9、α-Fe和γ-Fe。与钼合金化使钢的耐磨性提高了 1.8 倍，耐热性提高了 6.7 倍。