Lakshadweep is an archipelago of 36 islands located in the Southeastern Arabian Sea. In the absence of a detailed archaeological record, the human settlement timing of this island is vague. Previous genetic studies on haploid DNA makers suggested sex-biased ancestry linked to North and South Indian populations. Maternal ancestry suggested a closer link with the Southern Indian, while paternal ancestry advocated the Northern Indian genetic affinity. Since the haploid markers are more sensitive to genetic drift, which is evident for the Island populations, we have used the biparental high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphic markers to reconstruct the population history of Lakshadweep Islands. Using the fine-scaled analyses, we specifically focused on (A) the ancestry components of Lakshadweep Islands populations; (B) their relation with East, West Eurasia and South Asia; (C) the number of founding lineages and (D) the putative migration from Northern India as the paternal ancestry was closer to the North Indian populations. Our analysis of ancestry components confirmed relatively higher North Indian ancestry among the Lakshadweep population. These populations are closely related to the South Asian populations. We identified mainly a single founding population for these Islands, geographically divided into two sub-clusters. By examining the population’s genetic composition and analysing the gene flow from different source populations, this study contributes to our understanding of Lakshadweep Island’s evolutionary history and population dynamics. These findings shed light on the complex interactions between ethnic groups and their genetic contributions in making the Lakshadweep population.

拉克沙群岛是位于阿拉伯海东南部的一个由 36 个岛屿组成的群岛。由于缺乏详细的考古记录，该岛的人类定居时间是模糊的。先前对单倍体 DNA 制造者的遗传学研究表明，性别偏见的血统与北印度和南印度人口有关。母系血统表明与南印度人有更密切的联系，而父系血统则主张与北印度人的遗传亲缘关系。由于单倍体标记对遗传漂变更加敏感（这对于岛屿种群来说是显而易见的），我们使用双亲高分辨​​率单核苷酸多态性标记来重建拉克沙群岛的种群历史。通过精细分析，我们特别关注 (A) 拉克沙群岛人口的祖先组成部分；(B) 它们与欧亚大陆东部、西部和南亚的关系；(C) 创始血统的数量和 (D) 由于父系血统更接近北印度人口，因此推定的来自北印度的移民。我们对血统成分的分析证实了拉克沙群岛人口中相对较高的北印度血统。这些人群与南亚人群密切相关。我们主要确定了这些岛屿的单一创始人口，在地理上分为两个子群。通过检查种群的遗传组成并分析来自不同来源种群的基因流，这项研究有助于我们了解拉克沙群岛的进化历史和种群动态。这些发现揭示了种族群体之间复杂的相互作用及其对拉克沙群岛人口的遗传贡献。