Different herbal phytochemicals have potential in cancer treatment, Euphorbia genus has valuable secondary metabolites and is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. However, the specific constituents and biological activity of Euphorbia greenwayi remain largely unexplored. Euphorbia greenwayi aerial parts were extracted using methanol. Consequently, the methanol extract was then fractionated with solvents of different polarities viz., n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. All were screened for their cytotoxic activity against different cell lines; MCF-7, HepG-2, and SW620. The n-hexane (HF) and chloroform (CF) fractions showed considerable activity against all tested cell lines especially MCF-7 with IC50 values at 18.6 ± 0.2 and 17.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml respectively. Therefore, a cell migration assay on the MCF-7 cell line was applied to both fractions as well as investigation and isolation of the main active constituents. Lupeol, β-sitosterol, and cycloartenol were isolated from the nonpolar fractions of E. greenwayi for the first time. Euphorbia greenwayi aerial parts exhibit considerable anti-cancer effects via cytotoxicity. Three chemical constituents with promising cytotoxic activity are identified.

中文翻译：

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揭示大戟的抗癌潜力：细胞毒性、细胞迁移及其化学成分的鉴定

不同的草药植物化学物质在癌症治疗方面具有潜力，大戟属具有有价值的次生代谢产物，在传统医学中用于治疗各种疾病。然而，绿威大戟的具体成分和生物活性在很大程度上仍未被探索。使用甲醇提取大戟的地上部分。因此，然后用不同极性的溶剂（即正己烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯）对甲醇提取物进行分级。所有这些都针对不同细胞系的细胞毒活性进行了筛选；MCF-7、HepG-2 和 SW620。正己烷 (HF) 和氯仿 (CF) 组分对所有测试的细胞系尤其是 MCF-7 均表现出相当大的活​​性，IC50 值分别为 18.6 ± 0.2 和 17.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml。因此，对 MCF-7 细胞系进行细胞迁移测定，并研究和分离主要活性成分。羽扇豆醇、β-谷甾醇和环木菠萝烯醇是首次从绿叶桉的非极性组分中分离出来。大戟地上部分通过细胞毒性表现出相当大的抗癌作用。鉴定出三种具有良好细胞毒活性的化学成分。