eBPF is a popular technology originating from the Linux kernel that enables safely running user-provided programs in a kernel-context. This technology opened the door for efficient programming in the operating system, especially in its network stack. However, its applicability is not limited to the Linux kernel. Various efforts leveraged the eBPF Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) as the basis of other networking related use cases outside of the Linux kernel. This paper focuses on the pluginized protocols' use case such as PQUIC and xBGP where the eBPF ISA serves as the basis to execute plugins providing per-session protocol behavior. It first quickly describes how the Linux kernel builds around this eBPF ISA to provide enhanced in-kernel network programmability. Then, the paper considers the case of pluginized protocols. Leveraging eBPF outside of the Linux kernel environment requires complementing the eBPF ISA to meet the pluginized protocols' requirements. This paper details these integration efforts. Based on the lessons learned from these, it finally concludes by an applicability discussion of the eBPF ISA to other use cases.

eBPF 是一项源自 Linux 内核的流行技术，它允许在内核上下文中安全地运行用户提供的程序。这项技术为操作系统（尤其是网络堆栈）中的高效编程打开了大门。然而，它的适用范围并不限于Linux内核。各种努力都利用 eBPF 指令集架构 (ISA) 作为 Linux 内核之外其他网络相关用例的基础。本文重点介绍 PQUIC 和 xBGP 等插件化协议的用例，其中 eBPF ISA 作为执行提供每会话协议行为的插件的基础。它首先快速描述了 Linux 内核如何围绕此 eBPF ISA 构建以提供增强的内核内网络可编程性。然后，本文考虑了插件化协议的情况。在 Linux 内核环境之外利用 eBPF 需要补充 eBPF ISA 以满足插件协议的要求。本文详细介绍了这些集成工作。基于从中吸取的经验教训，最后讨论了 eBPF ISA 对其他用例的适用性。