For the cultural history of industrialized nations, particularly in the economies of the Global North, the period between 1890 and 1930 is associated with modernisms, as successive cultural movements that were formally innovative, highly subjective, yet also self-reflexive of their institutional and social functions. These movements proclaimed themselves as avant-garde; as cultural vanguards that visualize, materialize, and sound out abstract ideas in new artistic forms and practices. Many modernisms, from Futurism to social realism, regarded the human body as a performative projection plane for expansive ideas about movement and mobility, often conflating social reform with physical freedom, and mass action with political agency.

对于工业化国家的文化史，特别是在北半球经济体中，1890年至1930年这一时期与现代主义相关，作为连续的文化运动，这些运动在形式上具有创新性、高度主观性，但也对其制度和社会进行了自我反省。功能。这些运动宣称自己是前卫的。作为文化先锋，以新的艺术形式和实践将抽象思想形象化、具体化和声音化。许多现代主义，从未来主义到社会现实主义，都将人体视为关于运动和流动性的广泛思想的表演投影平面，经常将社会改革与身体自由、群众行动与政治机构混为一谈。