Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) forms the cornerstone in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, by suppressing testosterone ADT results in a decrease of skeletal muscle mass. In this narrative review, we explore the magnitude and mechanisms of ADT-induced muscle mass loss and the consequences for muscle strength and physical performance. Subsequently, we elucidate the effectiveness of supervised resistance exercise training as a means to mitigate these adverse effects. Literature shows that resistance exercise training can effectively counteract ADT-induced loss of appendicular lean body mass and decline in muscle strength, while the effect on physical performances is inconclusive. As resistance exercise training is feasible and can be safely implemented during ADT (with special attention for patients with bone metastases), it should be incorporated in standard clinical care for prostate cancer patients (starting) with ADT.

雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）是治疗晚期前列腺癌的基石。然而，通过抑制睾酮 ADT 会导致骨骼肌质量减少。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们探讨了 ADT 引起的肌肉质量损失的程度和机制，以及对肌肉力量和身体表现的影响。随后，我们阐明了监督阻力运动训练作为减轻这些不利影响的手段的有效性。文献表明，阻力运动训练可以有效抵消 ADT 引起的四肢去脂体重损失和肌肉力量下降，但对身体表现的影响尚无定论。由于阻力运动训练是可行的，并且可以在 ADT 期间安全实施（特别注意骨转移患者），因此应将其纳入前列腺癌患者（开始）接受 ADT 的标准临床护理中。