Thermal management is a critical challenge in advanced systems such as electric vehicles (EVs), electronic components, and photoelectric modules. Thermal alleviation is carried out through the cooling systems in which the coolant and the heat exchangers are the key components. The study examines recent literature on nanofluids and heat exchanger tubes along with state-of-the-art concepts being tested for heat transfer intensification. The performance of nanofluids in several common heat transfer tubes' geometries/configurations and the effectiveness of novel heat transfer augmentation mechanisms are presented. Promising results have been reported, showing improved heat transfer parameters with the use of nanofluids and intensification mechanisms like turbulators, fins, grooves, and variations in temperature and flow velocity. These mechanisms enhance dispersion stability, achieve a more uniform temperature distribution, and reduce the boundary layer thickness, resulting in lower tube wall temperatures. Moreover, introducing flow pulsations and magnetic effects further enhances particle mobility and heat exchange. However, there are limitations, such as increased frictional losses and pressure drop due to magnetic effects. The combination of nanofluids, novel heat exchanger tube geometries, and turbulators holds great promise for highly efficient cooling systems in the future. The study also presents a bibliometric analysis that offers valuable insights into the impact and visibility of research in the integration of nanofluids into heat transfer systems. These insights aid in identifying emerging trends and advancing the field towards more efficient and compact systems, paving the way for future advancements.

中文翻译：

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纳米流体的前景：热交换器管中先进传热流体的文献计量之旅

热管理是电动汽车 (EV)、电子元件和光电模块等先进系统中的一项关键挑战。热量缓解是通过冷却系统进行的，其中冷却剂和热交换器是关键部件。该研究审查了有关纳米流体和热交换器管的最新文献，以及正在测试强化传热的最先进概念。介绍了纳米流体在几种常见传热管几何形状/配置中的性能以及新型传热增强机制的有效性。据报道，有希望的结果表明，通过使用纳米流体和强化机制（如湍流器、翅片、凹槽）以及温度和流速的变化，可以改善传热参数。这些机制增强了分散稳定性，实现了更均匀的温度分布，并减少了边界层厚度，从而降低了管壁温度。此外，引入流动脉动和磁效应进一步增强了颗粒流动性和热交换。然而，它也存在局限性，例如由于磁效应而增加摩擦损失和压降。纳米流体、新颖的热交换器管几何形状和湍流器的结合为未来的高效冷却系统带来了巨大的希望。该研究还提出了文献计量分析，为将纳米流体集成到传热系统中的研究的影响和可见性提供了有价值的见解。这些见解有助于识别新兴趋势，推动该领域走向更高效、更紧凑的系统，为未来的进步铺平道路。