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Modelling of sulfur chemistry in a fog episode in northern China and implication for the efficacy of SO2 emission control
Atmospheric Environment ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120409 Leyi Yuan , Mingxu Liu , Xinyi Dang , Hao Wu , Fang Shang , Lianfang Wei , Pingqing Fu , Yu Song , Min Hu
Atmospheric Environment ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120409 Leyi Yuan , Mingxu Liu , Xinyi Dang , Hao Wu , Fang Shang , Lianfang Wei , Pingqing Fu , Yu Song , Min Hu
Fog water phase is an effective media for aqueous sulfate formation, especially in polluted urban areas. Fog events frequently occur in northern China during wintertime, which are characterized by increased aerosol loadings with sulfate concentrations reaching about 200 micrograms per cubic meters in 2010s. Studies on sulfur chemistry in fog events specifically for this region are inadequate. In this study, we combine the in-situ measurements in a fog episode in winter, 2015 with a multiphase chemical box model to interpret the sulfur species transformation and their key drivers in fog aqueous phase. Our model results demonstrate that the oxidation by NO in fog water serves as the most important pathway, explaining 97% of the sulfate production. High liquid water content in fog and elevated precursors concentrations are the major drivers of rapid sulfate formation. In line with observational studies, the reaction of dissolved SO and HCHO yields the production of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) equivalent to 11% of the sulfate mass. Given the high dependence of sulfate and HMS production rates to liquid phase acidity, the nonlinear response of their mass concentrations to the air pollution policies should be further examined.
更新日期：2024-02-19
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