Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are the primary pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia, a complex disorder characterized by altered neuronal connectivity. Atypical or second-generation antipsychotics, such as Risperidone (RSP) and Clozapine (CZP) predominantly block dopaminergic D and serotonin receptor 2A (5-HT2A) neurotransmission. Both compounds also exhibit affinity for the 5-HT7R, with RSP acting as an antagonist and CZP as an inverse agonist. Our study aimed to determine whether RSP and CZP can influence neuronal morphology through a 5-HT7R-mediated mechanism. Here, we demonstrated that CZP promotes neurite outgrowth of early postnatal cortical neurons, and the 5-HT7R mediates its effect. Conversely, RSP leads to a reduction of neurite length of early postnatal cortical neurons, in a 5-HT7R-independent way.

中文翻译：

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抗精神病药物对神经元形态的调节：血清素受体 7 的参与

抗精神病药物（APD）是精神分裂症的主要药物治疗方法，精神分裂症是一种以神经元连接改变为特征的复杂疾病。非典型或第二代抗精神病药物，如利培酮 (RSP) 和氯氮平 (CZP) 主要阻断多巴胺能 D 和血清素受体 2A (5-HT2A) 神经传递。两种化合物还表现出对 5-HT7R 的亲和力，其中 RSP 充当拮抗剂，CZP 充当反向激动剂。我们的研究旨在确定 RSP 和 CZP 是否可以通过 5-HT7R 介导的机制影响神经元形态。在这里，我们证明 CZP 促进出生后早期皮质神经元的神经突生长，并且 5-HT7R 介导其作用。相反，RSP 以不依赖于 5-HT7R 的方式导致出生后早期皮质神经元的神经突长度减少。