Genetic selection for high growth rate has resulted in spectacular progress in feed efficiency in chickens. As feed intake and water consumption (WC) are associated and both are affected by environmental conditions, we evaluated WC and its hypothalamic regulation in three broiler-based research lines and their ancestor jungle fowl (JF) under heat stress (HS) conditions. Slow growing ACRB, moderate growing 95RB, fast growing MRB, and JF were exposed to daily chronic cyclic HS (36 °C, 9 h/d) or thermoneutral temperature (24 °C). HS increased WC in the MRB only. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) mRNA levels were decreased by HS in the MRB. Within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) system, renin expression was increased by HS in the JF, ACRB, and 95RB, while angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II receptors (type 1, AT1, and type 2, AT2) were affected by line. The expression of aquaporin (AQP2, 7, 9, 10, 11, and 12) genes was upregulated by HS, whereas AQP4 and AQP5 expressions were influenced by line. miRNA processing components (Dicer1, Ago2, Drosha) were significantly different among the lines, but were unaffected by HS.

中文翻译：

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热应激对现代肉鸡及其祖先红原鸡下丘脑水通道和非编码RNA生物发生相关基因表达的影响

高生长率的遗传选择使鸡的饲料效率取得了惊人的进步。由于采食量和耗水量 (WC) 相关，并且两者都受到环境条件的影响，我们评估了三个基于肉鸡的研究品系及其祖先原鸡 (JF) 在热应激 (HS) 条件下的 WC 及其下丘脑调节。缓慢生长的 ACRB、中等生长的 95RB、快速生长的 MRB 和 JF 暴露于每日慢性循环 HS（36 °C，9 小时/天）或热中性温度（24 °C）。 HS 仅增加了 MRB 中的 WC。 HS 降低了 MRB 中的精氨酸加压素 (AVP) mRNA 水平。在肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统 (RAAS) 系统中，JF、ACRB 和 95RB 中的肾素表达因 HS 增加，而血管紧张素 I 转换酶 (ACE)、血管紧张素 II 受体（1 型、AT1 和 2 型） ，AT2）受线路影响。水通道蛋白（AQP2、7、9、10、11 和 12）基因的表达受到 HS 的上调，而 AQP4 和 AQP5 的表达则受到品系的影响。各系之间的 miRNA 加工组件（Dicer1、Ago2、Drosha）显着不同，但不受 HS 影响。