COVID-19 vaccines have recently been updated to specifically encode or contain the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 subvariant, but their immunogenicity in humans has yet to be fully evaluated and reported, particularly against emergent viruses that are rapidly expanding. We now report that administration of an updated monovalent mRNA vaccine booster (XBB.1.5 MV) to previously uninfected individuals boosted serum virus-neutralizing antibodies significantly against not only XBB.1.5 (27.0-fold increase) and EG.5.1 (27.6-fold increase) but also key emerging viruses such as HV.1, HK.3, JD.1.1, and JN.1 (13.3- to 27.4-fold increase). Individuals previously infected by an Omicron subvariant had the highest overall serum neutralizing titers (ID 1,504–22,978) against all viral variants tested. While immunological imprinting was still evident with the updated vaccines, it was not nearly as severe as observed with the previously authorized bivalent BA.5 vaccine. Our findings strongly support the official recommendation to widely apply the updated COVID-19 vaccines.

中文翻译：

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XBB.1.5 单价 mRNA 疫苗加强剂可引发针对 XBB 亚变体和 JN.1 的强大中和抗体

COVID-19 疫苗最近已更新为专门编码或包含 SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 亚变体的刺突蛋白，但其在人类中的免疫原性尚未得到充分评估和报告，特别是针对正在迅速扩张的新出现的病毒。我们现在报告，对以前未感染的个体施用更新的单价 mRNA 疫苗加强剂 (XBB.1.5 MV) 不仅显着增强了针对 XBB.1.5（增加 27.0 倍）和 EG.5.1（增加 27.6 倍）的血清病毒中和抗体， ）以及重要的新兴病毒，例如 HV.1、HK.3、JD.1.1 和 JN.1（增加 13.3 至 27.4 倍）。先前感染 Omicron 亚变体的个体对所有测试的病毒变体具有最高的总体血清中和滴度 (ID 1,504–22,978)。虽然更新疫苗的免疫印记仍然很明显，但它并不像之前授权的二价 BA.5 疫苗观察到的那么严重。我们的研究结果强烈支持官方建议广泛应用更新的 COVID-19 疫苗。