Stromal cell populations have a central role in providing signals that support the maintenance, differentiation, and function of the intestinal epithelium. The behavior and fate of epithelial cells is directed by the spatial organization of stromal cells that either sustain stem and progenitor cell identity or drive differentiation. A combination of single-cell analyses, mouse models, and organoid coculture assays have provided insight into the diversity of signals delivered by stromal cells. Signaling gradients are established and fine-tuned by the expression of signaling agonists and antagonists along the crypt-villus axis. On epithelial injury, there are disruptions to the abundance and organization of stromal populations. There are also distinct changes in the signals originating from these cells that impact remodeling of the epithelium. How these signals coordinate to mediate epithelial repair or sustain tissue injury in inflammatory bowel diseases is beginning to emerge. Understanding of these processes may lead to opportunities to target stromal cell populations as a strategy to modify disease states.

中文翻译：

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协调肠道再生的基质生态位信号

基质细胞群在提供支持肠上皮的维持、分化和功能的信号方面发挥着核心作用。上皮细胞的行为和命运由基质细胞的空间组织指导，基质细胞要么维持干细胞和祖细胞的身份，要么驱动分化。单细胞分析、小鼠模型和类器官共培养测定的结合提供了对基质细胞传递的信号多样性的深入了解。信号梯度是通过沿隐窝-绒毛轴表达信号激动剂和拮抗剂来建立和微调的。上皮损伤时，基质群体的丰度和组织受到破坏。来自这些细胞的信号也发生了明显的变化，影响了上皮的重塑。这些信号如何协调以介导炎症性肠病中的上皮修复或维持组织损伤已经开始显现。了解这些过程可能会带来将基质细胞群作为改变疾病状态策略的机会。