One domain that has not been thoroughly investigated is children’s ability to categorize information, specifically conventional (known to others, no restrictions on sharing) and privileged (not known to others, restrictions on sharing). In Study 1, 73 four- and five-year-olds and adults classified conventional and privileged information by how it is shared. All age groups accurately classified the information types, though accuracy improved with age. In Study 2, 68 four- and 6-year-olds and adults were presented with scenarios where information type and how it was shared did not match (privileged but shared) and asked if it was conventional or privileged. Four-year-olds and adults categorized conventional information by its label and did so more than 6-year-olds, while there was no pattern for privileged information. These results support that even 4-year-olds can distinguish between conventional and privileged information, and categorization strategies may differ across age and type of information.

中文翻译：

---

共享和信息类型在儿童特权信息和常规信息分类中的作用

尚未得到彻底研究的一个领域是儿童对信息进行分类的能力，特别是传统信息（为其他人所知，不限制共享）和特权信息（为其他人不知道，限制共享）。在研究 1 中，73 名四岁、五岁的儿童和成年人根据共享信息的方式对传统信息和特权信息进行了分类。所有年龄组都准确地对信息类型进行了分类，尽管准确性随着年龄的增长而提高。在研究 2 中，向 68 名 4 岁、6 岁儿童和成人展示了信息类型及其共享方式不匹配的场景（有特权但共享），并询问该信息是传统的还是特权的。四岁的孩子和成年人可以根据标签对常规信息进行分类，并且比六岁的孩子更是如此，而特权信息则没有模式。这些结果表明，即使是 4 岁的孩子也能区分传统信息和特权信息，并且分类策略可能因年龄和信息类型而异。