This study presents the synthesis of a heterogeneous ZnO@MWCNTs photocatalyst through a solvothermal method, employing a Zn-metal organic framework (MOF) template. The resulting nanocomposite showcases ZnO nanorods integrated with MWCNTs, forming a material characterized by nanosized building blocks, a substantial specific surface area, robust pore structure, and uniform morphology. A comprehensive XRD characterization reveals crystalline ZnO nanorods proficiently loaded onto the MWCNTs surface, forming a cohesive nano-composite. The inclusion of MWCNTs influences crystal growth, reducing crystallite size and altering optical absorption due to surface Plasmon resonance. This leads to a higher concentration of surface hydroxyl groups in the ZnO framework. Additionally, MWCNTs act as electron sinks, significantly reducing ZnO photooxidation and enhancing overall photostability in the composite. The photocatalytic efficacy of the composite in Congo Red (CR) degradation is impressive, achieving 92% degradation within 90 minutes of UV light exposure. A proposed photocatalytic mechanism elucidates the heightened performance of the synthesized photocatalysts. Notably, the MOF-derived ZnO@MWCNTs exhibited superior dye adsorption capacity compared to alternative adsorbents. This work underscores the immense potential of the ZnO@MWCNTs nanocomposite as a highly efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation, offering significant advancements in dye degradation and wastewater treatment technologies.

中文翻译：

---

基于多孔锌金属有机骨架（MOF）模板的二元ZnO@MWCNTs异质光催化剂的分级合成：刚果红（CR）染料的有效光降解研究

本研究提出了采用锌金属有机骨架（MOF）模板，通过溶剂热法合成异质 ZnO@MWCNTs 光催化剂。由此产生的纳米复合材料展示了与多壁碳纳米管集成的氧化锌纳米棒，形成一种具有纳米尺寸结构单元、巨大的比表面积、坚固的孔隙结构和均匀形态的材料。全面的 XRD 表征表明，结晶 ZnO 纳米棒能够有效地负载到 MWCNT 表面，形成粘性纳米复合材料。多壁碳纳米管的加入会影响晶体生长，减小微晶尺寸并改变表面等离子共振引起的光吸收。这导致 ZnO 骨架中的表面羟基浓度更高。此外，多壁碳纳米管充当电子接收器，显着减少 ZnO 光氧化并增强复合材料的整体光稳定性。该复合材料在刚果红 (CR) 降解方面的光催化功效令人印象深刻，在紫外线照射 90 分钟内实现了 92% 的降解。提出的光催化机制阐明了合成光催化剂的增强性能。值得注意的是，与替代吸附剂相比，MOF 衍生的 ZnO@MWCNT 表现出优异的染料吸附能力。这项工作强调了 ZnO@MWCNTs 纳米复合材料作为一种高效光催化剂用于环境修复的巨大潜力，为染料降解和废水处理技术带来了重大进步。