Since the 1950s, usage of plastic's ubiquity and durability have fostered significant microplastic pollution, set to double in oceans by 2030. Originating from diverse sources including product wear, waste, and now identified e-waste recycling, these particles traverse to marine ecosystems, accumulating and causing ecological harm. Measuring less than 20 μm, microplastics can penetrate cell membranes, posing risks to animal and human health. Confronting this challenge demands improved detection, comprehensive understanding of behaviors, enhanced hazard assessment, and recognizing e-waste's contribution. Mitigation hinges on global pollution management, innovative sustainable materials, and reducing plastic and electronic waste dependency.

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微塑料污染和电子垃圾：揭示来源、机制和对环境的影响

自 20 世纪 50 年代以来，塑料的普遍使用和耐用性造成了严重的微塑料污染，到 2030 年，海洋中的微塑料污染将增加一倍。这些颗粒源自多种来源，包括产品磨损、废物以及现在确定的电子垃圾回收，这些颗粒穿过海洋生态系统，积累并造成生态危害。微塑料的尺寸小于 20 微米，可以穿透细胞膜，对动物和人类健康构成风险。应对这一挑战需要改进检测、全面了解行为、加强危害评估并认识到电子废物的贡献。缓解措施取决于全球污染管理、创新的可持续材料以及减少对塑料和电子废物的依赖。