Current European, and particularly Mediterranean, agricultural production systems heavily depend on protein imports to cover the nutritional needs of farmed animals and fish. To increase their resilience, the EU is in search of efficient, sustainable, and locally produced alternative proteins. Insects and algae have recently gained much attention due to their ability to bioconvert agro-industrial side-streams into valuable resources. Legumes are known for their high protein content; however, certain species, such as lupins and fava beans, have been overlooked and underused as food and feed. Additionally, microbial fermentation can be used in parallel with insects, algae, and legumes, to efficiently transform them into food and feed. This contribution describes the challenges and chances associated with the utilization of these alternative protein sources for food and feed applications.

中文翻译：

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替代蛋白质的循环和包容性利用：欧洲和地中海的视角

目前欧洲，特别是地中海地区的农业生产系统严重依赖蛋白质进口来满足养殖动物和鱼类的营养需求。为了增强其抵御能力，欧盟正在寻找高效、可持续且本地生产的替代蛋白质。昆虫和藻类最近因其将农工业副产品生物转化为宝贵资源的能力而受到广泛关注。豆类以其高蛋白质含量而闻名。然而，某些物种，例如羽扇豆和蚕豆，却被忽视并且未充分用作食品和饲料。此外，微生物发酵可以与昆虫、藻类和豆类同时使用，以有效地将它们转化为食物和饲料。该贡献描述了与利用这些替代蛋白质源用于食品和饲料应用相关的挑战和机遇。