Theoretically, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce the risk of rotator cuff tear through an anti-inflammatory mechanism. To clarify this association, in this study, we compared SGLT2is users and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) users in terms of the risk of rotator cuff tear and the risk of receiving rotator cuff repair surgery. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using data from the TriNetX platform. A target trial design was adopted to identify patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who started receiving SGLT2is or GLP-1RAs. Propensity score matching was used to form two homogeneous groups. The study outcomes were the risk of rotator cuff tear and the risk of receiving rotator cuff repair surgery. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated within the TriNetX platform. Initially, 351,800 SGLT2is users and 387,616 GLP-1RAs users were identified. After propensity score matching, each group comprised 274,026 patients. The mean age was 59.5 years in both groups; the proportions of women in the SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs groups were 46.9 % and 46.7 %, respectively. Compared with the GLP-1RAs group, the SGLT2is group had significantly reduced risks of rotator cuff tear (HR 0.812 [0.761;0.867]) and rotator cuff repair surgery (HR 0.900 [0.815;0.994]). SGLT2is appear to reduce the risk of rotator cuff tear and the risk of receiving rotator cuff repair surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.

中文翻译：

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钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂之间的肩袖撕裂风险和肩袖修复手术比较：一项真实世界研究

理论上，钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂 (SGLT2is) 通过抗炎机制降低肩袖撕裂的风险。为了阐明这种关联，在本研究中，我们比较了 SGLT2is 使用者和胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂 (GLP-1RA) 使用者的肩袖撕裂风险和接受肩袖修复手术的风险。使用 TriNetX 平台的数据进行回顾性队列分析。采用目标试验设计来识别开始接受 SGLT2is 或 GLP-1RA 治疗的 2 型糖尿病患者。使用倾向评分匹配来形成两个同质组。研究结果是肩袖撕裂的风险和接受肩袖修复手术的风险。在 TriNetX 平台内计算具有 95% 置信区间 (CI) 的风险比 (HR)。最初，确定了 351,800 名 SGLT2is 用户和 387,6​​16 名 GLP-1RAs 用户。经过倾向评分匹配后，每组均包含 274,026 名患者。两组的平均年龄均为 59.5 岁； SGLT2is 和 GLP-1RAs 组中女性的比例分别为 46.9% 和 46.7%。与GLP-1RAs组相比，SGLT2is组肩袖撕裂（HR 0.812 [0.761;0.867]）和肩袖修复手术（HR 0.900 [0.815;0.994]）的风险显着降低。 SGLT2 似乎可以降低 2 型糖尿病患者肩袖撕裂的风险以及接受肩袖修复手术的风险。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来验证我们的研究结果。