This study explores the synthesis and characterization of polyaniline (PANI)-based nanocomposites integrated with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Leveraging the inherent properties of PANI, such as cost-effectiveness and tunability, and the unique mechanical, electrical, and optical characteristics of FMWCNTs and ZnO, we aim to develop advanced materials suitable for applications in radiation shielding, optics, and electronics. The FMWCNTs were first functionalized to enhance their solubility and processability. Subsequently, FMWCNTs@ZnO nanocomposites were prepared and incorporated into the PANI matrix using an in-situ polymerization technique. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses were conducted to ascertain the morphology and structural integrity of the nanocomposites. Additionally, UV–Vis spectroscopy was employed to investigate their optical properties. It was found that there is 99.5 % increase in absorbance from pure PANI0 to PANI5 in the UV area, as well as the energy gap (Eg) diminishes as the quantity of FMWCNTs@Zn nanoparticles in the PANI matrix increases. The nanocomposites demonstrated a significant potential in gamma radiation shielding, as evidenced by their capacity to attenuate gamma radiation across various energies. This research not only provides a novel approach to designing polymer nanocomposites but also broadens the scope of their application in fields demanding advanced material properties.

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米颗粒掺杂功能化多壁碳纳米管纳米杂化物基聚苯胺三元纳米复合材料光学和伽马辐射屏蔽特性的探索

本研究探索了与功能化多壁碳纳米管（FMWCNT）和氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒集成的聚苯胺（PANI）基纳米复合材料的合成和表征。利用PANI的固有特性（例如成本效益和可调谐性）以及FMWCNT和ZnO独特的机械、电气和光学特性，我们的目标是开发适用于辐射屏蔽、光学和电子学应用的先进材料。FMWCNT 首先进行功能化，以提高其溶解度和加工性能。随后，使用原位聚合技术制备了 FMWCNTs@ZnO 纳米复合材料并将其掺入 PANI 基体中。采用高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HRTEM) 和 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 分析来确定纳米复合材料的形态和结构完整性。此外，还采用紫外-可见光谱来研究它们的光学特性。研究发现，在紫外区域，从纯 PANI0 到 PANI5，吸光度增加了 99.5%，并且随着 PANI 基质中 FMWCNTs@Zn 纳米粒子数量的增加，能隙 (Eg) 减小。纳米复合材料在伽马辐射屏蔽方面表现出巨大的潜力，其衰减各种能量的伽马辐射的能力就证明了这一点。这项研究不仅提供了一种设计聚合物纳米复合材料的新方法，而且拓宽了其在需要先进材料性能的领域的应用范围。