This study offers a novel empirical application for assessing the impact of agri-environment schemes (AES) on the performance of farms. The existing evidence about the impact of these schemes considering environmental and economic aspects equally is still limited. Therefore, our objective is to contribute to the literature on the impact evaluation of AES by considering three important aspects in our empirical analysis. First, the performance of farms is proxied by an indicator that incorporates environmental externalities into production activities. Second, our empirical analysis focuses on a sample of Bavarian dairy farms covering the period 2013–2018, thus, we can evaluate the effectiveness of agri-environmental schemes in one of Germany's leading agricultural and forestry regions during the latest programming period. Finally, in an effort to increase robustness, we employ an improved version of the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index, which enables us to get around some of the shortcomings of the original index. The obtained results suggest that agri-environment payments have a limited effect on improving farm-level green productivity.

中文翻译：

---

评估农业环境支付对德国绿色生产力的影响

这项研究为评估农业环境计划（AES）对农场绩效的影响提供了一种新颖的实证应用。关于这些计划在同等考虑环境和经济方面的影响的现有证据仍然有限。因此，我们的目标是通过在实证分析中考虑三个重要方面，为 AES 影响评估的文献做出贡献。首先，农场的绩效由将环境外部性纳入生产活动的指标来衡量。其次，我们的实证分析侧重于 2013-2018 年期间巴伐利亚奶牛场的样本，因此，我们可以评估德国领先农业和林业地区之一在最新规划期间农业环境计划的有效性。最后，为了提高稳健性，我们采用了 Malmquist-Luenberger 生产力指数的改进版本，这使我们能够克服原始指数的一些缺点。所得结果表明，农业环境付费对提高农场绿色生产力的作用有限。