Feeding being linked to surface area and maintenance to volume causes juvenile-driven cycles in individual-based population models (IBM’s). This combination of traits induces self-synchronisation of individuals: at some low food level, small individuals can still grow, but large ones cannot. Since Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models have these features, which are well-tested for individuals in the collection, DEB-based population models have such juvenile-driven cycles in simple homogeneous reactors. These cycles are, however, not seen in practice. This paper explores ways to reduce or avoid such cycles in a realistic way, keeping the model as simple as possible, and comes with recommendations. Some of the fixes also repair related artefacts of too simple population models, such as competitive exclusion, the paradox of enrichment and merry-go-around. A size-dependent hazard, which is essential for species with many small offspring, and details on nutrition are unavoidable in realistic models for physiologically structured population dynamics.

中文翻译：

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在基于个体的种群模型中减少或避免幼年驱动周期的方法

在基于个体的种群模型（IBM）中，进食与表面积相关以及维持与体积相关会导致幼年驱动的循环。这种特征的组合导致了个体的自我同步：在某些低食物水平下，小个体仍然可以生长，但大个体则不能。由于动态能量预算 (DEB) 模型具有这些特征，并且对集合中的个体进行了充分测试，因此基于 DEB 的群体模型在简单的均质反应堆中具有这种幼年驱动的循环。然而，这些循环在实践中并没有看到。本文探讨了以现实的方式减少或避免此类循环的方法，使模型尽可能简单，并提出了建议。一些修复还修复了过于简单的人口模型的相关问题，例如竞争排斥、富集悖论和旋转木马。与体型相关的危害对于拥有许多小后代的物种至关重要，并且在生理结构种群动态的现实模型中，营养细节是不可避免的。