This study applied the Canadian Model for Peatlands (CaMP) to 63.9 million hectares of peatlands within boreal and temperate ecozones of Canada to assess the trends in atmospheric carbon (C) emissions and removals and C sequestration over 30 years (1990–2019). The CaMP modelled net ecosystem productivity (NEP) for peatlands within the study area indicated a net C sink at an annual mean rate of 30.9 Mt C y (48.4 g C m y). Net Biome Productivity (NBP), which accounts for losses of carbon due to wildfire, reduced the C sink to 19.0 Mt C y (29.8 g C m y). On an area-weighted basis, the Hudson Plains and the Boreal Plains had the highest NBP (34.9 and 34.0 g C m y, respectively) and the Atlantic Maritime and Boreal Shield West had the lowest (25.3 and 24.6 g C m y respectively), with the Boreal Shield East having intermediate NBP (27.5 g C m y). NBP was highest in peatlands with forest cover, rising with increasing nutrient status (bog < poor fen < rich fen). These modelled values compare well with long-term carbon accumulation rates found in the literature for Canadian peatlands ranging from 6 to 70 g C m y. While most years peatlands were a net sink of C, years with extensive fires resulted in peatlands being a small net source of C. The study highlighted that forested peatlands were important in driving the C sequestration sink but were also sensitive to climate warming due to high rates of soil CO emission and large wildfire C emissions. This highlights an important, yet vulnerable role these forested peatlands play in Canada's national greenhouse gas accounting. While this research is the first to produce estimates of C sequestration and greenhouse gas emission and removal rates across such a large area of Canada, further research is required across peatland types and ecozones to improve parameterization, validation, and process representations. Our results stress the importance of ecozone-specific analyses and accounting for infrequent large fire years and fire risk in land management policy and carbon accounting.

中文翻译：

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使用加拿大泥炭地模型 (CaMP) 检查加拿大北方和温带泥炭地的温室气体排放和碳汇强度

本研究将加拿大泥炭地模型 (CaMP) 应用到加拿大北方和温带生态区内的 6390 万公顷泥炭地，以评估 30 年（1990-2019 年）大气碳 (C) 排放和清除以及碳封存的趋势。CaMP 模拟的研究区域内泥炭地的净生态系统生产力 (NEP) 表明，净碳汇的年平均率为 30.9 Mt C y (48.4 g C my)。净生物群落生产力 (NBP) 解释了野火造成的碳损失，将碳汇减少至 19.0 Mt C y (29.8 g C my)。在面积加权的基础上，哈德逊平原和北方平原的 NBP 最高（分别为 34.9 和 34.0 g C my），大西洋海区和北地盾西的 NBP 最低（分别为 25.3 和 24.6 g C my），北寒地盾东具有中等NBP（27.5 g C my）。NBP 在有森林覆盖的泥炭地中最高，随着营养状况的增加而上升（沼泽 < 贫沼 < 富沼）。这些模型值与文献中发现的加拿大泥炭地长期碳积累率（范围为 6 至 70 g C m y）相吻合。虽然大多数年份泥炭地是碳的净汇，但大面积火灾的年份导致泥炭地成为碳的净来源。该研究强调，森林泥炭地在驱动碳固存汇方面发挥着重要作用，但由于较高的温度，对气候变暖也很敏感。土壤二氧化碳排放率和大型野火碳排放率。这凸显了这些森林泥炭地在加拿大国家温室气体核算中发挥的重要但脆弱的作用。虽然这项研究首次对加拿大如此大面积的碳封存以及温室气体排放和清除率进行了估计，但还需要对泥炭地类型和生态区进行进一步的研究，以改进参数化、验证和过程表示。我们的结果强调了针对生态区的分析以及土地管理政策和碳核算中不常见的大火灾年和火灾风险的重要性。