Decarbonization of the electric power sector is essential for sustainable development. Low-carbon generation technologies, such as solar and wind energy, can replace the CO-emitting energy sources (coal and natural gas plants). As a sustainable engineering practice, long-duration energy storage technologies must be employed to manage imbalances in the variable renewable energy supply and electricity demand. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is an effective solution for balancing this mismatch and therefore is suitable for use in future electrical systems to achieve a high penetration of renewable energy generation. This study introduces recent progress in CAES, mainly advanced CAES, which is a clean energy technology that eliminates the use of fossil fuels, compared with two commercial CAES plants at Huntorf and McIntosh which are conventional ones utilizing fossil fuels. Advanced CAES include adiabatic CAES, isothermal CAES, liquid air energy storage, supercritical CAES, underwater CAES, and CAES coupled with other technologies. The principles and configurations of these advanced CAES technologies are briefly discussed and a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art technologies is presented, including theoretical studies, experiments, demonstrations, and applications. The comparison and discussion of these CAES technologies are summarized with a focus on technical maturity, power sizing, storage capacity, operation pressure, round-trip efficiency, efficiency of the components, operation duration, and investment cost. Potential application trends were compiled. This paper presents a comprehensive reference for developing novel CAES systems and makes recommendations for future research and development to facilitate their application in several areas, ranging from fundamentals to applications.

中文翻译：

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先进的压缩空气储能系统：基础知识和应用

电力行业脱碳对于可持续发展至关重要。太阳能和风能等低碳发电技术可以替代排放二氧化碳的能源（煤炭和天然气发电厂）。作为一种可持续的工程实践，必须采用长期储能技术来管理可变的可再生能源供应和电力需求的不平衡。压缩空气储能（CAES）是平衡这种不匹配的有效解决方案，因此适合在未来的电力系统中使用，以实现可再生能源发电的高渗透率。本研究介绍了 CAES 的最新进展，主要是先进的 CAES，这是一种消除化石燃料使用的清洁能源技术，与亨托夫和麦金托什的两个商业 CAES 工厂（使用化石燃料的传统工厂）相比。先进的CAES包括绝热CAES、等温CAES、液态空气储能、超临界CAES、水下CAES以及与其他技术相结合的CAES。简要讨论了这些先进 CAES 技术的原理和配置，并对最先进的技术进行了全面回顾，包括理论研究、实验、演示和应用。重点对这些CAES技术的比较和讨论，重点是技术成熟度、功率规模、存储容量、运行压力、往返效率、组件效率、运行时间和投资成本。汇总了潜在的应用趋势。本文为开发新型 CAES 系统提供了全面的参考，并对未来的研究和开发提出了建议，以促进其在从基础到应用的多个领域的应用。