The nuclear envelope (NE) is a critical component in maintaining the function and structure of the eukaryotic nucleus. The NE and lamina are disassembled during each cell cycle to enable an open mitosis. Nuclear architecture construction and deconstruction is a prime example of a circular economy, as it fulfills a highly efficient recycling program bound to continuous assessment of the quality and functionality of the building blocks. Alterations in the nuclear dynamics and lamina structure have emerged as important contributors to both oncogenic transformation and cancer progression. However, the knowledge of the NE breakdown and reassembly is still limited to a fraction of participating proteins and complexes. As cancer cells contain highly diverse nuclei in terms of DNA content, but also in terms of nuclear number, size, and shape, it is of great interest to understand the intricate relationship between these nuclear features in cancer cell pathophysiology. In this review, we provide insights into how those NE dynamics are regulated, and how lamina destabilization processes may alter the NE circular economy. Moreover, we expand the knowledge of the lamina-associated domain region by using strategic algorithms, including Artificial Intelligence, to infer protein associations, assess their function and location, and predict cancer-type specificity with implications for the future of cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Using this approach we identified NUP98 and MECP2 as potential proteins that exhibit upregulation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (LAML) patients with implications for early diagnosis.

中文翻译：

---

核膜动力学、循环经济和癌细胞病理生理学的关系

核膜（NE）是维持真核细胞核功能和结构的关键组成部分。NE 和核纤层在每个细胞周期中被分解，以实现开放的有丝分裂。核建筑的建造和解构是循环经济的一个典型例子，因为它实现了高效的回收计划，必须持续评估建筑模块的质量和功能。核动力学和核层结构的改变已成为致癌转化和癌症进展的重要贡献者。然而，对 NE 分解和重组的了解仍然仅限于参与蛋白质和复合物的一小部分。由于癌细胞在 DNA 含量以及核数量、大小和形状方面包含高度多样化的细胞核，因此了解癌细胞病理生理学中这些核特征之间的复杂关系非常有意义。在这篇综述中，我们深入探讨了如何调节这些 NE 动态，以及层板失稳过程如何改变 NE 循环经济。此外，我们通过使用包括人工智能在内的战略算法来扩展对层相关结构域区域的了解，以推断蛋白质关联，评估其功能和位置，并预测癌症类型特异性，这对未来的癌症诊断、预后和治疗具有重要意义。治疗。使用这种方法，我们确定了 NUP98 和 MECP2 是在急性髓系白血病 (LAML) 患者中表现出上调的潜在蛋白质，这对早期诊断具有影响。