How socio-demographic characteristics and comorbidities affect bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) prognosis during/after hospitalization is important in disease management. To identify predictors of medical intensive care unit (MICU) admission, length of hospital stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, and bacterial CAP readmission in patients hospitalized with bacterial CAP. ICD-9/10 codes were used to query electronic medical records to identify a cohort of patients hospitalized for bacterial CAP at a tertiary hospital in Southeastern US between 01/01/2013–12/31/2019. Adjusted accelerated failure time and modified Poisson regression models were used to examine predictors of MICU admission, LOS, in-hospital mortality, and 1-year readmission. There were 1956 adults hospitalized with bacterial CAP. Median (interquartile range) LOS was 11 days (6–23), and there were 26 % (513) MICU admission, 14 % (266) in-hospital mortality, and 6 % (117) 1-year readmission with recurrent CAP. MICU admission was associated with heart failure (RR 1.38; 95 % CI 1.17–1.62) and obesity (RR 1.26; 95 % CI 1.04–1.52). Longer LOS was associated with heart failure (adjusted time ratio[TR] 1.27;95 %CI 1.12–1.43), stroke (TR 1.90;95 %CI 1.54,2.35), type 2 diabetes (TR 1.20;95 %CI 1.07–1.36), obesity (TR 1.50;95 %CI 1.31–1.72), Black race (TR 1.17;95 %CI 1.04–1.31), and males (TR 1.24;95 %CI 1.10–1.39). In-hospital mortality was associated with stroke (RR 1.45;95 %CI 1.03–2.04) and age ≥65 years (RR 1.34;95 %CI 1.06–1.68). 1-year readmission was associated with COPD (RR 1.55;95 %CI 1.05–2.27) and underweight BMI (RR 1.74;95 %CI 1.04–2.90). Comorbidities and socio-demographic characteristics have varying impacts on bacterial CAP in-hospital prognosis and readmission. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings to develop comprehensive care plans and inform public health interventions.

中文翻译：

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美国东南部社区获得性细菌性肺炎住院患者预后不良的社会人口统计学和共病危险因素

社会人口特征和合并症如何影响住院期间/住院后细菌性社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 的预后对于疾病管理非常重要。旨在确定因细菌性 CAP 住院患者入院医疗重症监护病房 (MICU)、住院时间 (LOS)、院内死亡率和细菌性 CAP 再入院的预测因素。使用 ICD-9/10 代码查询电子病历，以识别 2013 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日期间在美国东南部一家三级医院因细菌性 CAP 住院的一组患者。使用调整后的加速失效时间和改良的泊松回归模型来检查 MICU 入院、LOS、院内死亡率和 1 年再入院的预测因素。有 1956 名成人因细菌性 CAP 住院。中位（四分位距）LOS 为 11 天 (6-23)，入院 MICU 的比例为 26% (513)，院内死亡率为 14% (266)，一年内因复发 CAP 再入院的比例为 6% (117)。 MICU 入住与心力衰竭（RR 1.38；95% CI 1.17–1.62）和肥胖（RR 1.26；95% CI 1.04–1.52）相关。较长的 LOS 与心力衰竭（调整时间比 [TR] 1.27；95 % CI 1.12–1.43）、中风（TR 1.90；95 % CI 1.54,2.35）、2 型糖尿病（TR 1.20；95 % CI 1.07–1.36）相关。 ）、肥胖（TR 1.50；95 % CI 1.31–1.72）、黑人种族（TR 1.17；95 % CI 1.04–1.31）和男性（TR 1.24；95 % CI 1.10–1.39）。院内死亡率与卒中（RR 1.45；95 % CI 1.03–2.04）和年龄≥65岁（RR 1.34；95 % CI 1.06–1.68）相关。 1 年再入院与 COPD（RR 1.55；95 % CI 1.05–2.27）和体重过轻（RR 1.74；95 % CI 1.04–2.90）相关。合并症和社会人口特征对细菌性 CAP 院内预后和再入院有不同的影响。需要更多的研究来证实这些发现，以制定全面的护理计划并为公共卫生干预措施提供信息。