Many intelligence tests measure multiple specific cognitive abilities. Practitioners use these specific ability scores, which encompass both specific ability and general intelligence variance, and the resulting intelligence profiles to make counseling and intervention decisions. In the present study, we investigated the temporal stability of eight specific abilities and their profiles over one school year, as well as their incremental validity in the prediction of school grades with German grade 7 to 9 students ( = 326 at T1; = 311 at T2; = 257 with IQ data at both times of measurement). The mean rank-order stability was 0.80 and ranged from 0.71 to 0.85. Intelligence profiles replicated significantly above chance levels ( = 0.31). The incremental validity coefficients were mostly small, but the Reasoning score substantially contributed to the prediction of math grades ( = 0.07–0.09), the Verbal Ability score to the prediction of German grades ( = 0.05–0.09), and the Crystallized Intelligence score to the prediction of geography grades ( = 0.03–0.08) beyond the general intelligence score. Our study of specific ability scores indicated moderate to high rank-order stability, fair to moderate profile stability, and substantial incremental validity for some specific ability scores.

中文翻译：

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特定认知能力分数有多大用处？对它们超越一般智能的稳定性和增量有效性的调查

许多智力测试测量多种特定的认知能力。从业者使用这些特定能力得分（包括特定能力和一般智力差异）以及由此产生的智力概况来做出咨询和干预决策。在本研究中，我们调查了八种特定能力及其在一个学年中的概况的时间稳定性，以及它们在预测德国 7 至 9 年级学生成绩方面的增量有效性（T1 = 326；T1 = 311） T2；= 257，两次测量时都有 IQ 数据）。平均排序稳定性为 0.80，范围为 0.71 至 0.85。智力概况的复制显着高于机会水平 (= 0.31)。增量效度系数大多较小，但推理得分对数学成绩的预测有显着贡献（= 0.07-0.09），语言能力得分对德语成绩的预测有显着贡献（= 0.05-0.09），结晶智力得分对德语成绩的预测有显着贡献。超出一般智力分数的地理成绩预测 (= 0.03–0.08)。我们对特定能力分数的研究表明，某些特定能力分数的排名顺序稳定性为中等至较高，个人资料稳定性为中等至中等，并且具有显着的增量有效性。