The use of wild small fish species as feed for aquaculture has clearly an economic incentive by speeding the growth of farmed species. Since feed ingredients are sourced from wild fisheries the farmed species could contain natural contaminants which may introduce food safety concerns. In this study, we used High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) to explore the whole DNA profile of ten dry commercial feeds commonly used by Spanish fish farming companies. The feeds were mainly made of species within the genus and and vegetables of the genus . In the feeds, DNA sequences of parasitic nematodes of fishes (˂1 % total OTUs) were also identified. A taxonomic assignment of query sequences, using a phylogeny-based approach, estimation of pairwise nucleotide identities within and between sequence groups and haplotype network analysis, allow assign short query sequences to the species (Anisakidae) and (Rhaphidascarididae). Both species were identified as ingredient in two and six fish feeds, respectively. This result is of highly concern regarding dietetic recommendations to sensitized patients to anisakids, considering the growing evidence on the possible allergenic potential of both genera, and the recent data on the transfer of anisakid heat-resistant allergens from fishmeal to farm and aquaculture animals.

中文翻译：

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通过高通量测序分析鱼饲料成分：寄生虫风险评估

使用野生小鱼类作为水产养殖饲料显然具有加速养殖物种生长的经济动机。由于饲料原料来自野生渔业，养殖物种可能含有天然污染物，这可能会引起食品安全问题。在这项研究中，我们使用高通量测序 (HTS) 来探索西班牙养鱼公司常用的 10 种商业干饲料的完整 DNA 谱。饲料以本属物种和本属蔬菜为主。在饲料中，还鉴定出了鱼类寄生线虫的 DNA 序列（˂1% 总 OTU）。使用基于系统发育的方法对查询序列进行分类分配，估计序列组内和序列组之间的成对核苷酸同一性以及单倍型网络分析，允许将短查询序列分配给物种（Anisakidae）和（Rhaphidascarididae）。这两个物种分别被确定为两种和六种鱼饲料的成分。考虑到越来越多的证据表明这两个属可能具有潜在的过敏性，以及最近有关异尖线虫耐热过敏原从鱼粉转移到农场和水产养殖动物的数据，这一结果在向对异尖线虫过敏的患者提出饮食建议时受到高度关注。