During an earthquake, the elastic energy stored in the Earth is released as frictional energy and radiated energy in the form of seismic waves. The partitioning of energy released during an earthquake gives an indication of the overall size of the earthquake and its potential for damage to man-made structures. Here, we perform an energy analysis of fluid-injection-induced earthquakes using a single-degree-of-freedom spring poroslider and rate-and-state friction. We show that seismic radiation can be modeled within the single-degree-of-freedom spring-slider by adding a radiation damping term. We then use it to study fluid injection and assess its effects on the energy partitioning during induced and triggered earthquakes. We find that: (1) seismic efficiency, stress drop, and total slip are directly influenced by the rate of increase in pore pressure, (2) the ratio of elastic energy stored in the skeleton to injection energy is low and is influenced by the rate of fluid injection, (3) seismic injection efficiency is also low and is lower for induced earthquakes compared to triggered ones, and (4) fluid injection leads to bigger and potentially more damaging earthquakes overall.

中文翻译：

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地震周期注液控制能量分配

地震发生时，地球上储存的弹性能以摩擦能和地震波形式的辐射能释放出来。地震期间释放的能量分布可以显示地震的总体规模及其对人造结构造成损害的可能性。在这里，我们使用单自由度弹簧孔隙滑块和速率与状态摩擦对流体注入诱发的地震进行能量分析。我们表明，通过添加辐射阻尼项，可以在单自由度弹簧滑块内对地震辐射进行建模。然后，我们用它来研究流体注入并评估其对诱发和触发地震期间能量分配的影响。我们发现：（1）地震效率、应力降和总滑移直接受孔隙压力增加速率的影响；（2）骨架中储存的弹性能与注入能量的比率较低，并受孔隙压力的影响。 (3) 地震注入效率也较低，并且与触发地震相比，诱发地震的地震注入效率较低；(4) 流体注入总体上会导致更大且可能更具破坏性的地震。