Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have witnessed significant advancements in recent years, emerging as potential alternatives to low-temperature fuel cells for mobile applications owing to their wide fuel flexibility and high efficiency. This paper offers a comprehensive assessment of the progress achieved thus far and the challenges faced in transitioning from stationary to mobility sectors. Three pivotal aspects are highlighted across different levels: enhancing fuel tolerance and flexibility at the anode level, achieving rapid start-up at the cell level, and realizing compact integration at the stack level. This review can lay a theoretical foundation for the development of SOFC systems tailored to unique requirements, such as high power density and rapid start-up, crucial for mobile applications. This review will facilitate commercial breakthroughs and advances in the mobility of SOFCs, which holds substantial strategic importance.

中文翻译：

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迈向固体氧化物燃料电池的移动性

近年来，固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）取得了显着进步，由于其广泛的燃料灵活性和高效率，成为移动应用中低温燃料电池的潜在替代品。本文对迄今为止所取得的进展以及从固定行业向移动行业转型所面临的挑战进行了全面评估。不同层面上突出了三个关键方面：增强阳极层面的燃料耐受性和灵活性、实现电池层面的快速启动以及实现电堆层面的紧凑集成。这项综述可以为开发针对独特要求（例如高功率密度和快速启动）的 SOFC 系统奠定理论基础，这对移动应用至关重要。此次审查将促进 SOFC 移动性的商业突破和进步，这具有重大的战略意义。