This review summarizes the current state of neuroimaging research on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which allows for the examination of white matter abnormalities in the brain. DTI studies on individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) consistently demonstrate widespread reductions in white matter integrity in various regions of the brain, including the corpus callosum, anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, and prefrontal cortex, which are involved in emotion regulation, decision-making, and cognitive control. However, the reviewed studies often have small sample sizes, and findings vary between studies, highlighting the need for larger and more standardized studies. Furthermore, discerning between causal and consequential effects of OCD on white matter integrity poses a challenge. Addressing this issue may be facilitated through longitudinal studies, including those evaluating the impact of treatment interventions, to enhance the accuracy of DTI data acquisition and processing, thereby improving the validity and comparability of study outcomes. In summary, DTI studies provide valuable insights into the neural circuits and connectivity disruptions in OCD, and future studies may benefit from standardized data analysis and larger sample sizes to determine whether structural abnormalities could be potential biomarkers for early identification and treatment of OCD.

中文翻译：

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DTI诊断和治疗强迫症的研究进展

这篇综述总结了使用扩散张量成像 (DTI) 对强迫症 (OCD) 进行神经影像学研究的现状，DTI 可以检查大脑中的白质异常。对强迫症 (OCD) 患者的 DTI 研究一致表明，大脑各个区域的白质完整性普遍降低，包括胼胝体、前扣带皮层、后扣带皮层以及前额叶皮层，这些区域与情绪调节、决策有关。 - 制造和认知控制。然而，所审查的研究通常样本量较小，而且不同研究的结果也有所不同，这突出表明需要进行更大、更标准化的研究。此外，辨别强迫症对白质完整性的因果影响也是一个挑战。通过纵向研究（包括评估治疗干预措施的影响的纵向研究）可以促进解决这个问题，以提高 DTI 数据采集和处理的准确性，从而提高研究结果的有效性和可比性。总之，DTI 研究为强迫症的神经回路和连接中断提供了有价值的见解，未来的研究可能受益于标准化数据分析和更大的样本量，以确定结构异常是否可以成为早期识别和治疗强迫症的潜在生物标志物。