In this study, we evaluated the occupational doses during a pediatric cardiac interventional radiology procedure using Monte Carlo simulations. For this purpose, we employed virtual anthropomorphic phantoms, with 1-, 5- and 10-year-old, as well as two adult phantoms to represent the medical staff. Each scenario was composed of two phantoms, the physician and the patient, coupled with the MCNPX 2.7.0 Monte Carlo code. The exposures were evaluated for six projections and beam setups, normally employed in angiographic procedures, with tube voltages of 80, 100 and 120 kVp. The conversion coefficient (CC) values for radiation protection quantities were obtained to estimate the occupational exposure. These CC values were determined as the ratio between of the equivalent or effective dose to the dose-area product. The physician’s organs with the highest effective dose contributions were the breast (female), brain, thyroid, lungs, stomach and bone marrow. The lead apron may reduce the doses by up to 100%, and the use of face protection may reduce the eye lens equivalent dose by up to 89%. The brain equivalent dose can also be reduced by 16% with the use of a lead cap. The CC values were also influenced by the patient size, beam projection angle, and acquisition parameters. The dose distributions inside the room are also depicted in a 3D map, enabling the staff to choose safer positions without compromising the procedures.

中文翻译：

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蒙特卡罗模拟用于评估儿科心脏病手术中的职业剂量

在这项研究中，我们使用蒙特卡罗模拟评估了儿科心脏介入放射学过程中的职业剂量。为此，我们采用了虚拟拟人体模，包括 1 岁、5 岁和 10 岁的儿童，以及两个成人体模来代表医务人员。每个场景都由两个模型（医生和患者）以及 MCNPX 2.7.0 蒙特卡罗代码组成。对六种投影和光束设置进行了曝光评估，这些设置通常用于血管造影手术，管电压为 80、100 和 120 kVp。获得辐射防护量的换算系数（CC）值来估算职业暴露。这些 CC 值被确定为等效或有效剂量与剂量面积乘积之间的比率。医生的有效剂量贡献最高的器官是乳房（女性）、大脑、甲状腺、肺、胃和骨髓。铅围裙可减少高达 100% 的剂量，使用面部防护可减少高达 89% 的眼睛晶状体当量剂量。使用铅帽还可将脑当量剂量减少 16%。CC 值还受到患者体型、光束投射角度和采集参数的影响。房间内的剂量分布也显示在 3D 地图中，使工作人员能够选择更安全的位置，而不会影响程序。