Community pharmacies are well-positioned to improve the health of people with opioid use disorder and who use drugs by providing naloxone and other essential public health supplies. Respond to Prevent (R2P) is a clinical trial which sought to accelerate provision of harm reduction materials through a multicomponent intervention that included in-store materials, online training, and academic detailing. The objective of this study was to explore pharmacists’ attitudes, knowledge, and experiences in providing naloxone, dispensing buprenorphine, and selling nonprescription syringes following participation in the R2P program. Two online asynchronous focus groups were conducted with community-based chain pharmacists across Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Oregon, and Washington who had participated in the R2P program. Participants accessed an online repository of group interview items and responded to questions over a short period. Each pharmacist participated anonymously for approximately 30 min over 2 ½ days. Pharmacists answered questions on experiences with pharmacy-based harm reduction care and R2P intervention implementation barriers and facilitators. Qualitative data analysis was conducted by a multidisciplinary team using an immersion-crystallization approach. A total of 32 pharmacists participated in the two focus groups. Most participants were female (n = 18, 56%), non-Hispanic (n = 29, 91%), and white (n = 17, 53%). Four major themes were identified related to (1) addressing bias and stigma toward people with opioid use disorder and who use drugs, (2) familiarity and comfort with naloxone provision, (3) perspective and practice shifts in nonprescription syringe sales, (4) structural challenges to harm reduction care in the pharmacy. Community pharmacists across the four states identified attitudes, knowledge, and experiences that create barriers to providing care to people with opioid use disorder and who use drugs. R2P approaches and tools were effective at reducing stigma and changing attitudes but were less effective at addressing structural challenges from the pharmacists’ perspective.

中文翻译：

---

“我现在不遗余力地给他们一个额外的微笑：”一项针对参与响应预防项目的药剂师的研究，这是一项社区药房干预措施，旨在加速提供减少危害的材料

社区药房能够通过提供纳洛酮和其他基本公共卫生用品来改善阿片类药物使用障碍和吸毒者的健康。响应预防 (R2P) 是一项临床试验，旨在通过包括店内材料、在线培训和学术细节在内的多成分干预来加速提供减少危害的材料。本研究的目的是探讨药剂师参与 R2P 计划后在提供纳洛酮、分配丁丙诺啡和销售非处方注射器方面的态度、知识和经验。两个在线异步焦点小组与马萨诸塞州、新罕布什尔州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州参与 R2P 计划的社区连锁药剂师进行了合作。参与者访问了小组访谈项目的在线存储库并在短时间内回答了问题。每位药剂师在 2.5 天内匿名参与约 30 分钟。药剂师回答了有关基于药房的减害护理经验以及 R2P 干预实施障碍和促进因素的问题。定性数据分析由多学科团队使用浸没结晶方法进行。共有 32 名药剂师参加了两个焦点小组。大多数参与者是女性（n = 18，56%）、非西班牙裔（n = 29，91%）和白人（n = 17，53%）。确定了四个主要主题，涉及（1）解决对阿片类药物使用障碍和吸毒者的偏见和耻辱，（2）对纳洛酮供应的熟悉度和舒适度，（3）非处方注射器销售的观点和实践转变，（4）药房减害护理的结构性挑战。四个州的社区药剂师发现了一些态度、知识和经验，这些态度、知识和经验为向阿片类药物使用障碍和吸毒者提供护理造成了障碍。 R2P 方法和工具可以有效减少耻辱和改变态度，但从药剂师的角度来看，在解决结构性挑战方面效果较差。