Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) are associated with a high rate of cardiovascular events. Thromboinflammation (the interplay between coagulation and inflammation) is probably involved in these events. Extracellular vesicles (EV) increase during AE-COPD, but their role in thromboinflammation in COPD is still unknown. We investigated EV-associated prothrombotic and proinflammatory activity in COPD. Patients with AE-COPD, stable COPD (sCOPD) and age- and sex-matched subjects (controls) were enrolled. AE-COPD patients were evaluated at hospital admission and 8 weeks after discharge (recovery; longitudinal arm). In a cross-sectional arm, AE-COPD were compared with sCOPD and controls. Twenty-five AE-COPD (median age [interquartile range] 74.0 [14.0] years), 31 sCOPD (75.0 [9.5] years) and 12 control (67.0 [3.5] years) subjects were enrolled. EV exert prothrombotic and proinflammatory activities during AE-COPD and may therefore be effectors of thromboinflammation, thus contributing to the higher cardiovascular risk in AE-COPD.

中文翻译：

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慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重时循环细胞外囊泡的促血栓和促炎活性增强

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（AE-COPD）的急性加重与心血管事件的高发生率相关。血栓炎症（凝血和炎症之间的相互作用）可能与这些事件有关。AE-COPD 期间细胞外囊泡 (EV) 增加，但其在 COPD 血栓炎症中的作用仍不清楚。我们研究了 COPD 中 EV 相关的促血栓和促炎症活性。AE-COPD、稳定型 COPD (sCOPD) 患者以及年龄和性别匹配的受试者（对照）均纳入研究。AE-COPD 患者在入院时和出院后 8 周（康复；纵臂）进行评估。在横断面组中，将 AE-COPD 与 sCOPD 和对照进行比较。纳入了 25 名 AE-COPD（中位年龄 [四分位距] 74.0 [14.0] 岁）、31 名 sCOPD（75.0 [9.5] 岁）和 12 名对照（67.0 [3.5] 岁）受试者。EV 在 AE-COPD 期间发挥促血栓和促炎活性，因此可能是血栓炎症的效应物，从而导致 AE-COPD 的心血管风险较高。