Agriculture is responsible for 30–50% of the yearly CO, CH, and NO emissions. Soils have an important role in the production and consumption of these greenhouse gases (GHGs), with soil aggregates and the inhabiting microbes proposed to function as biogeochemical reactors, processing these gases. Here we studied, for the first time, the relationship between GHG fluxes and aggregate stability as determined via laser diffraction analysis (LDA) of agricultural soils, as well as the effect of sustainable agricultural management strategies thereon. Using the static chamber method, all soils were found to be sinks for CH and sources for CO and NO. The application of organic amendments did not have a conclusive effect on soil GHG fluxes, but tilled soils emitted more CO. LDA was a useful and improved method for assessing soil aggregate stability, as it allows for the determination of multiple classes of aggregates and their structural composition, thereby overcoming limitations of traditional wet sieving. Organic matter content was the main steering factor of aggregate stability. The presence of persistent stable aggregates and the disintegration coefficient of stable aggregates were improved in organic-amended and no-tilled soils. Predictive modelling showed that, especially in these soils, aggregate stability was a governing factor of GHG fluxes. Higher soil CH uptake rates were associated with higher aggregate stability, while CO and NO emissions increased with higher aggregate stability. Altogether, it was shown that sustainable agricultural management strategies can be used to steer the soil's aggregate stability and, both consequently and outright, the soil GHG fluxes, thereby creating a potential to contribute to the mitigation of agricultural GHG emissions.

中文翻译：

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土壤团聚体稳定性控制农业土壤中的田间温室气体通量

农业排放量占每年 CO、CH 和 N2O 排放量的 30-50%。土壤在这些温室气体 (GHG) 的产生和消耗中发挥着重要作用，土壤团聚体和栖息的微生物被认为充当生物地球化学反应器，处理这些气体。在这里，我们首次研究了通过农业土壤激光衍射分析（LDA）确定的温室气体通量和聚集稳定性之间的关系，以及可持续农业管理策略对其的影响。使用静态室方法，发现所有土壤都是 CH 汇以及 CO 和 NO 源。有机改良剂的应用对土壤温室气体通量没有决定性的影响，但耕作的土壤排放了更多的二氧化碳。LDA 是评估土壤团聚体稳定性的一种有用且改进的方法，因为它允许确定多类团聚体及其结构。成分，从而克服了传统湿筛分的局限性。有机质含量是骨料稳定性的主要控制因素。有机改良和免耕土壤中持久稳定团聚体的存在和稳定团聚体的崩解系数得到改善。预测模型表明，尤其是在这些土壤中，聚集稳定性是温室气体通量的控制因素。较高的土壤 CH 吸收率与较高的团聚稳定性相关，而 CO 和 N2O 排放量则随着团聚稳定性的提高而增加。总而言之，研究表明，可持续农业管理战略可用于控制土壤的总体稳定性，从而控制土壤温室气体通量，从而为减少农业温室气体排放创造潜力。