The crystallinity of CaNbO in glass-ceramics affects the piezoelectric ability for lead-free piezoelectric materials, but the growth and nucleation mechanism of CaNbO in glass is unclear. In this study, the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of CaNbO in SiO-CaO-NbO-NaO-MgO-AlO glass was investigated through the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The activation energy was calculated, and the activation energies in the onset crystallization temperature (E) and the crystallization peak temperature (E) are 488.722 ± 2.596 kJ·mol, 440.085 ± 2.137 kJ·mol, respectively. The crystallization and growth mechanism of CaNbO were investigated through the Kazumasa Matusita's method. The crystallization mechanism of CaNbO is bulk nucleation and the growth mechanism of CaNbO tends to two-dimensional. The CaNbO nucleation process is heterogenous nucleation which is caused by earlier crystallized akermanite and magnesium silicate. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics study may provide useful information for preparing CaNbO-containing glass ceramics.

中文翻译：

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SiO2-CaO-Nb2O5-Na2O-MgO-Al2O3 玻璃中焦铌酸钙 (Ca2Nb2O7) 的非等温结晶动力学

玻璃陶瓷中CaNbO的结晶度影响无铅压电材料的压电能力，但CaNbO在玻璃中的生长和成核机制尚不清楚。本研究通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）和X射线衍射（XRD）研究了SiO-CaO-NbO-NaO-MgO-Al2O玻璃中CaNbO的非等温结晶动力学。计算活化能，起始结晶温度(E)和结晶峰值温度(E)的活化能分别为488.722±2.596 kJ·mol、440.085±2.137 kJ·mol。通过 Kazumasa Matusita 的方法研究了 CaNbO 的结晶和生长机制。 CaNbO的结晶机制是块状成核，CaNbO的生长机制趋于二维。 CaNbO成核过程是由早期结晶的镁镁石和硅酸镁引起的异质成核。非等温结晶动力学研究可为制备含CaNbO玻璃陶瓷提供有用的信息。