To fulfill their actual cellular role, individual microtubules become functionally specialized through a broad range of mechanisms. The ‘search and capture’ model posits that microtubule dynamics and functions are specified by cellular targets that they capture (i.e., ), independently of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) they emerge from. However, work in budding yeast indicates that MTOCs may impart a functional identity to the microtubules they nucleate, . Key effectors in this process are microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs), which track microtubule tips to regulate their dynamics and facilitate their targeted interactions. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of microtubule specialization, focusing on recent findings indicating that +TIP networks may undergo liquid biomolecular condensation in different cell types.

中文翻译：

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+TIP 网络的微管专业化：从机制到功能含义

为了履行其实际的细胞作用，单个微管通过多种机制实现功能特化。 “搜索和捕获”模型假设微管动力学和功能是由它们捕获的细胞靶点指定的（即），独立于它们产生的微管组织中心（MTOC）。然而，在芽殖酵母中的研究表明，MTOC 可以赋予它们成核的微管功能特性。该过程中的关键效应器是微管正末端跟踪蛋白（+TIP），它跟踪微管末端以调节其动态并促进其靶向相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了微管特化的潜在机制，重点关注最近的发现表明+TIP网络可能在不同的细胞类型中经历液体生物分子凝聚。