The energy transition is affected by a ‘double geopoliticisation’: global competition for hydrocarbons has increased, due to the sudden turmoil in the energy markets, whilst the urgency to clean energy transition has exacerbated competition for green technological leadership. This article investigates whether the EU has adapted its goals and instruments to these intertwined geopoliticisation pressures and, if so, under what conditions has it been able to wield geoeconomic power. Using Barnett and Duvall's taxonomy of power, this article argues that geoeconomic power presupposes a shift from diffuse to direct forms of power and theorises the factors that facilitate or constrain the EU's ability to exercise this type of power. This article finds that the EU has significantly transformed the goals and instruments of its external energy policy. Yet the extent of its geoeconomic power depends on a combination of often-overlooked domestic enabling factors and the external geopolitical environment.

中文翻译：

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清洁能源转型中的欧盟地缘经济力量

能源转型受到“双重地缘政治化”的影响：由于能源市场的突然动荡，全球对碳氢化合物的竞争加剧，而清洁能源转型的紧迫性加剧了对绿色技术领先地位的竞争。本文调查欧盟是否已调整其目标和工具以适应这些相互交织的地缘政治化压力，如果是的话，它在什么条件下能够运用地缘经济力量。本文运用巴尼特和杜瓦尔的权力分类法，认为地缘经济权力的前提是权力从分散形式转向直接形式，并对促进或限制欧盟行使此类权力的能力的因素进行了理论分析。本文发现，欧盟已显着改变了其外部能源政策的目标和工具。然而，其地缘经济实力的大小取决于经常被忽视的国内有利因素和外部地缘政治环境的结合。