IntroductionCitri Sarcodactylis Fructus (CSF), a common fruit and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been hindered in its further development and research owing to the lack of comprehensive and specific quality evaluation standards.ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish clear TCM quality standards related to the therapeutic mechanisms of CSF and to provide a basis for subsequent research and development.MethodsUltra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole‐orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐orbitrap HRMS) technology was used to comprehensively identify CSF components and explore their absorbance levels in rat serum. Network pharmacology research methods were employed to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of the identified components in the treatment of major clinical diseases. Subsequently, a combination of HPLC chromatographic fingerprinting for qualitative analysis and multi‐index content determination was used to evaluate the detectability of the identified quality markers (Q‐markers).ResultsTwenty‐six prototype components were tentatively characterized in rat serum. Network pharmacology analysis showed six effective components, namely 7‐hydroxycoumarin, isoscopoletin, diosmin, hesperidin, 5,7‐dimethoxycoumarin, and bergapten, which played important roles in the treatment of chronic gastritis, functional dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, and depression and were preliminarily identified as Q‐markers. The results of content determination in 15 batches of CSF indicated significant differences in the content of medicinal materials from different origins. However, compared with the preliminarily determined Q‐markers, all six components could be measured and were determined as Q‐markers of CSF.ConclusionThe chemical Q‐markers obtained in this study could be used for effective quality control of CSF.

中文翻译：

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整合血清药物化学和网络药理学对柑橘的质量评估和Q标记物发现

引言柑橘属常见水果和中药材，由于缺乏全面、具体的质量评价标准，阻碍了其进一步的开发和研究。 目的本研究旨在建立明确的中药质量标准。方法采用超高效液相色谱结合混合四极杆轨道阱高分辨率质谱(UPLC-Q-orbitrap HRMS)技术全面鉴定脑脊液成分和探索它们在大鼠血清中的吸光度水平。采用网络药理学研究方法，探讨已鉴定成分治疗临床重大疾病的潜在作用机制。随后，采用 HPLC 色谱指纹图谱进行定性分析和多指标含量测定相结合的方法来评估所鉴定的质量标记物（Q 标记物）的可检测性。结果对大鼠血清中的 26 种原型成分进行了初步表征。网络药理学分析显示，7-羟基香豆素、异东莨菪素、地奥司明、橙皮苷、5,7-二甲氧基香豆素、佛手柑烯等6种有效成分，在治疗慢性胃炎、功能性消化不良、消化性溃疡、抑郁症等方面发挥重要作用，初步被证实被识别为 Q 标记。15批脑脊液含量测定结果表明，不同产地药材含量存在显着差异。但与初步确定的Q标记物相比，所有6种成分均可测定，并确定为脑脊液的Q标记物。结论本研究获得的化学Q标记物可用于脑脊液的有效质量控制。