Purpose

The occupational health risk associated with the production of prefabricated concrete components is often overlooked. This paper will use a damage assessment and cyclic mitigation (DACM) model to provide individualized exposure risk assessment and corresponding mitigation management measures for workers who are being exposed.

Design/methodology/approach

The DACM model is proposed based on the concept of life cycle assessment (LCA). The model uses Monte-Carlo simulation for uncertainty risk assessment, followed by quantitative damage assessment using disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Lastly, sensitivity analysis is used to identify the parameters with the greatest impact on health risks.

Findings

The results show that the dust concentration is centered around the mean, and the fitting results are close to normal distribution, so the mean value can be used to carry out the calculation of risk. However, calculations using the DACM model revealed that there are still some work areas at risk. DALY damage is most severe in concrete production area. Meanwhile, the inhalation rate (IR), exposure duration (ED), exposure frequency (EF) and average exposure time (AT) showed greater impacts based on the sensitivity analysis.

Originality/value

Based on the comparison, the DACM model can determine that the potential occupational health risk of prefabricated concrete component (PC) factory and the risk is less than that of on-site construction. It synthesizes field research and simulation to form the entire assessment process into a case-base system with the depth of the cycle, which allows the model to be continuously adjusted to reduce the occupational health damage caused by production pollution exposure.

中文翻译：

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基于损害评估和循环减缓模型的聚碳酸酯生产污染职业健康风险评估

目的

与预制混凝土构件生产相关的职业健康风险常常被忽视。本文将利用损害评估和循环缓解（DACM）模型为暴露的工人提供个性化的暴露风险评估和相应的缓解管理措施。

设计/方法论/途径

DACM模型是基于生命周期评估（LCA）的概念提出的。该模型使用蒙特卡罗模拟进行不确定性风险评估，然后使用伤残调整生命年（DALY）进行定量损害评估。最后，敏感性分析用于确定对健康风险影响最大的参数。

发现

结果表明，粉尘浓度以均值为中心，拟合结果接近正态分布，因此可以利用均值进行风险计算。然而，使用 DACM 模型的计算表明，仍有一些工作区域面临风险。DALY 损害在混凝土生产区最为严重。同时，根据敏感性分析，吸入速率（IR）、暴露持续时间（ED）、暴露频率（EF）和平均暴露时间（AT）显示出更大的影响。

原创性/价值

根据比较，DACM模型可以确定预制混凝土构件（PC）工厂潜在的职业健康风险，且风险小于现场施工。它将现场研究和模拟相结合，将整个评估过程形成具有循环深度的案例库系统，使模型能够不断调整，以减少生产污染暴露造成的职业健康损害。