This study investigated the stability of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) protein under simulated gastrointestinal conditions using an enzymatic digestion method. The optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined by monitoring the changes in particle size and zeta-potential of MFGM protein hydrolysates over time. Furthermore, the distribution of small molecular weight peptides with antioxidant activity was explored through DEAE-52 combined with cell experiments. Two novel antioxidant peptides (TGIIT and IITQ) were identified based on molecular docking technology and evaluated their potential scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) radicals. TGIIT and IITQ also demonstrated remarkable abilities in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and activating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, which can effectively counteract skeletal muscle dysfunction induced by oxidative stress. Thus, MFGM-derived antioxidant peptides have the potential to be employed in food to regulate muscle protein metabolism and alleviate sarcopenia.

中文翻译：

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体外胃肠消化释放的乳脂肪球膜（MFGM）衍生生物活性肽的鉴定和抗氧化潜力

本研究采用酶消化方法研究了乳脂肪球膜（MFGM）蛋白在模拟胃肠道条件下的稳定性。通过监测 MFGM 蛋白水解产物的粒径和 zeta 电位随时间的变化来确定最佳水解条件。进一步通过DEAE-52结合细胞实验探索具有抗氧化活性的小分子量肽的分布。基于分子对接技术鉴定了两种新型抗氧化肽（TGIIT和IITQ），并评估了它们对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝苯肼（DPPH）和2,2'-Azinobis-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-)的潜在清除活性。磺酸盐）（ABTS）自由基。 TGIIT和IITQ在促进线粒体生物发生和激活Keap1/Nrf2信号通路方面也表现出显着的能力，可以有效对抗氧化应激引起的骨骼肌功能障碍。因此，MFGM 衍生的抗氧化肽有潜力在食品中用于调节肌肉蛋白代谢和缓解肌肉减少症。