In this paper, a novel dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) characterized by a compact size and wide bandwidth is proposed. The achievement of wideband performance involves the introduction of a metallic ring structure inside the dielectric resonato, ensuring that the antenna’s volume remains compact. Fundamental and higher-order modes, ${\text{TM}}_{01\delta} $ , ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$ of the cylinder DRA are first investigated by using E-field distribution analysis, and it is found that these two modes are hard to resonate in proximity to each other. Therefore, a thin metal ring, acting as a perturbation structure is inserted into the DR to perturb the E-field of the higher-order mode and reduce its resonant frequency. Consequently, the resonant frequency of the ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$ mode is significantly decreased, with only a slight effect on the ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{01\delta }$ mode. The resonant frequencies of the three resonances, i.e., ${\text{TM}}_01\delta $ , ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$ and probe-mode, are moved in proximity to achieve a wide impedance bandwidth. For experimental validation, a prototype is fabricated and tested. The measured results show the proposed antenna achieves a bandwidth of 51.1% with a low profile of $0.156\lambda _{c}$ , where $\lambda _{c}$ represents the wavelength at the center frequency. With these advantages, the proposed design is well-suited for mounting on vehicle platforms, particularly for 4G (2.6 GHz) and 5G (3.5 GHz) communications.

中文翻译：

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通过加载金属环提高带宽的紧凑型介质谐振器天线

本文提出了一种新型介质谐振器天线（DRA），其特点是尺寸紧凑、带宽宽。宽带性能的实现涉及在介电谐振器内引入金属环结构，以确保天线的体积保持紧凑。基本模式和高阶模式， ${\text{TM}}_{01\delta} $ , ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$首先利用电场分布分析研究了圆柱体DRA的模式，发现这两种模式在彼此接近时很难共振。因此，在DR中插入一个薄金属环作为扰动结构，以扰动高阶模的电场并降低其谐振频率。因此，谐振频率 ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$模式显着降低，对 ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{01\delta }$模式。三个共振的共振频率，即 ${\text{TM}}_01\delta $ , ${\mathrm{ TM}}_{021+\delta }$和探头模式移近以实现宽阻抗带宽。为了进行实验验证，制造并测试了原型。测量结果表明，所提出的天线实现了 51.1% 的带宽，且外形较小 $0.156\lambda _{c}$ ， 在哪里 $\lambda _{c}$表示中心频率处的波长。凭借这些优势，所提出的设计非常适合安装在车辆平台上，特别是 4G (2.6 GHz) 和 5G (3.5 GHz) 通信。