Considerable photovoltaic (PV) panels are installed on building roof, which are exposed to lightning strike at a high risk. Lightning electromagnetic (EM) field will induce a high voltage, which can damage the electronic devices of PV system. By using the method of moments, the EM coupling among the lightning channel and roof structure is modeled, and the induced voltage of PV array is calculated. The influences of building structure, roof material, and shape are discussed. The induced voltage is strongly dependent on the induced current on rooftop generated by the lightning EM field. Since the induced current produces an opposite magnetic field, it weakens the original lightning magnetic field and the presence of roof can lower the induced voltage. Occasionally, the induced voltage becomes higher for the roof with many crossbars and supporting legs, especially for the metal rooftop. The voltage rises as the roof height increases. Compared to the sloped roof, the distance between the flat roof and PV array is greater, and the effect of roof is relatively minor. To reduce the induced voltage, the arrangement of PV panels is investigated. The results can provide guidance for lightning protection design of rooftop PV system.

中文翻译：

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考虑屋顶结构电磁耦合的光伏系统雷生电压研究

建筑物屋顶安装了大量光伏板，遭受雷击的风险很高。雷电电磁场会感应出高电压，从而损坏光伏系统的电子设备。利用矩量法对雷电通道与屋顶结构之间的电磁耦合进行建模，并计算了光伏阵列的感应电压。讨论了建筑结构、屋顶材料和形状的影响。感应电压很大程度上取决于屋顶上闪电电磁场产生的感应电流。由于感应电流产生相反的磁场，削弱了原有的雷电磁场，屋顶的存在可以降低感应电压。有时，横杆和支撑腿较多的屋顶，尤其是金属屋顶，感应电压会较高。电压随着屋顶高度的增加而升高。与坡屋顶相比，平屋顶与光伏阵列之间的距离更大，屋顶的影响相对较小。为了降低感应电压，研究了光伏电池板的布置。研究结果可为屋顶光伏系统防雷设计提供指导。